World Environment Day Roundtable Forests: Nature at Your Service Geneva, 6 June 2011 Paola Deda UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section

Paola Deda, UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section Outline Modern Wood Energy Current Status & Trends Outlook

Paola Deda, UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section Outline Modern Wood Energy Current Status & Trends Outlook

Paola Deda, UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section Modern Wood Energy Carbon Neutral

Paola Deda, UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section Modern Wood Energy Clean & Efficient Source: FJ-BLT Wieselburg; Bioenergy Efficiency of biomass boilers CO Emissions of biomass boilers

Paola Deda, UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section Modern Wood Energy Green Jobs & Rural Development Source: Austrian Biomass Association Heating oil Natural gas Biomass district heating Wood energy contracting Wood chips, Pellets, Logs

Paola Deda, UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section Modern Wood Energy technologyautomatic pellet heating modern firewood boilers automatic wood chip boilers district heatingcombined biomass heat & power stations fuelpelletsfirewoodwood chips whole trees typical installed capacity 5-15 kW20-40 kW kW100 kW-3 MW>1 MW el > 10 MW th users, customerssingle-family homes farm buildingspublic and commercial buildings domestic, public and commercial buildings fuel supplybulk delivery by a large number of fuel distributors usually harvested from own forest often by local farmers – forest owners partly by the cooperative members, partly form sawmills farmers & sawmills & other channels

Paola Deda, UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section Outline Modern Wood Energy Current Status & Trends Outlook

Paola Deda, UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section Role of Wood Energy Source: UNECE/FAO, IEA

Paola Deda, UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section Wood Energy per Capita Rural Population Source: UNECE/FAO, Forest Europe

Paola Deda, UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section Wood Fuel Sources

Paola Deda, UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section Wood Energy Sources Source: UNECE/FAO, IEA

Paola Deda, UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section Wood Energy Uses

Paola Deda, UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section Wood Energy Uses Source: UNECE/FAO, IEA

Paola Deda, UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section Key Findings Woody biomass is the most important single source of renewable energy in Europe, accounting for almost as much as hydro, wind, solar, geothermal and other biomass put together. Direct wood fibre supply is the most important in the Balkan region, Russia and France. Co-products and residues account for the bulk of wood energy supply patterns in Finland, Sweden, Slovakia, Austria. Processed wood-based fuels important in UK, Netherlands, Italy. Post-consumer recovered wood relevant in Germany, Ireland and Switzerland.

Paola Deda, UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section Outline Modern Wood Energy Current Status & Trends Outlook

Paola Deda, UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section EU National Renewable Energy Action Plans EU Member States were requested to submit National Renewable Energy Action Plan (NREAP) defining measures and strategies in order to reach their renewable energy 2020 binding target. National targets are set for the share of renewable sources in three sectors: –Electricity –Heating and cooling –Transport In the EU27 Solid biomass will represent: –11% of total final energy consumption (electricity, H&C) by 2020 –or 42% of renewable energy consumption (electricity, H&C) by 2020

Paola Deda, UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section EU27 Share of solid biomass in 2005 and 2020

Paola Deda, UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section EU27 Wood energy consumption: past trends and targets Source: MANTAU, Wood resource balance, EUwood – team 2010 (VERKERK/LINDNER/ANTTILA/ASIKAINEN: EFISCEN forest resources and constraints; LEEK, N.: Post -consumer wood; OLDENBURGER J.: Landscape care wood; SAAL, U.: Industrial residues; MANTAU/SAAL: Wood industry; PRINS, K.: Policy options; JONSSON, R. EFSOS calculations)

Paola Deda, UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section EU27 Wood Demand Balance For energy use For material use Source: MANTAU, Wood resource balance, EUwood – team 2010 (VERKERK/LINDNER/ANTTILA/ASIKAINEN: EFISCEN forest resources and constraints; LEEK, N.: Post -consumer wood; OLDENBURGER J.: Landscape care wood; SAAL, U.: Industrial residues; MANTAU/SAAL: Wood industry; PRINS, K.: Policy options; JONSSON, R. EFSOS calculations)

Paola Deda, UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section Wood biomass demand and supply, , EU27 Source: MANTAU, Wood resource balance, EUwood – team 2010 (VERKERK/LINDNER/ANTTILA/ASIKAINEN: EFISCEN forest resources and constraints; LEEK, N.: Post -consumer wood; OLDENBURGER J.: Landscape care wood; SAAL, U.: Industrial residues; MANTAU/SAAL: Wood industry; PRINS, K.: Policy options; JONSSON, R. EFSOS calculations)

Paola Deda, UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section EUWood Conclusion EUWood has shown that with a high mobilisation scenario, it is difficult, but not impossible, to supply, on a sustainable basis, enough wood to satisfy the needs of the industry and to meet the targets for renewable energy. On a medium mobilisation scenario, there would be enough wood to meet demand for 2020, but not for However, even to achieve the medium mobilisation will require long term commitment and investment, a comprehensive approach, numerous specific policy measures, and favourable framework conditions, many in areas not directly controlled by the forest sector policy makers.

Paola Deda, UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section A comprehensive approach is needed SUPPLY Mobilise more wood from existing forests –Raise harvest levels –Use more parts of the tree (above ground and below ground biomass) Increase supply of wood from outside the forest –Industry residues –Landscape care wood, trees outside the forest –Post consumer recovered wood Expand forest area (short rotation coppice) Increase imports from other regions DEMAND Promote energy efficiency Promote use of all renewables Use wood more efficiently, in industry and for energy

Paola Deda, UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section Challenges for Policymakers Sustainably mobilise enough wood to reach renewable energy targets Balance carbon sequestration with substitution of non-renewables with wood-based materials and energy Maintain wood supply for other forest sectors (pulp, paper, panels, furniture) Respect biodiversity while increasing mobilisation Define sustainability criteria for local and imported wood energy

Paola Deda, UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section European Forest Sector Outlook Study (EFSOS) EFSOS analyses the complex, international and long-term consequences of four policy choices and their trade-offs Policy Scenarios: –Promoting Wood Energy –Maximising Carbon –Priority to Biodiversity –Fostering Innovation and Competitiveness Launch of EFSOS at the joint TC/EFC session in Antalya, Turkey ( October 2011) together with the Action Plan on the Role of Forests in the Green Economy

Paola Deda, UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section Thank You! Paola Deda Chief tel: +41(0) UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section Palais des Nations CH-1211 Genève