JUDITH M. WILKINSON LESLIE S. TREAS KAREN BARNETT MABLE H. SMITH FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING Copyright © 2016 F.A. Davis Company Chapter 40: Leading & Managing
Copyright © 2016 F.A. Davis Company Leadership Ability to influence other people Enable the movement of people toward a common goal
Copyright © 2016 F.A. Davis Company Leadership (cont’d) Tasks of a leader – Help people develop sense of direction/purpose – Build group’s commitment to its goal – Face daily challenges
Copyright © 2016 F.A. Davis Company Leadership Theories (pg ) Trait theories – From intelligence/initiative to high self esteem to creativity Behavioral theories-various types of leadership – Authoritarian-controlling – Democratic-makes decisions as a group – Laissez-faire-laid back, followers are majority with decision making Task-relationship theories – Task over interpersonal relationships
Copyright © 2016 F.A. Davis Company Leadership Theories (contd) Situational theories – Analyzes the team/environment and makes decisions based upon that analysis Transactional theories – Believes people are motivated by reward and punishment and that they work best within a clear chain of command Transformational theories – People need a sense of mission in addition to wanting an appropriate reward for a job well done
Copyright © 2016 F.A. Davis Company Manager Appointed officially Position of power and authority Employee of an organization Responsible for directing the work of others
Copyright © 2016 F.A. Davis Company Qualities/Tasks of a Manager (Pg 1060) Qualities – Leadership – Clinical expertise – Business sense
Copyright © 2016 F.A. Davis Company Qualities/Tasks of a Manager (cont’d) Activities – Interpersonal – Decision making/critical thinking – Informational from upper management
Copyright © 2016 F.A. Davis Company Management Theories (Pg 1060) Scientific management – Fredrick Taylor - Motivates employees with pay by the piece For example, Taylor encouraged paying people “by the piece,” that is, by the number of “widgets” made rather than by the number of hours worked.
Copyright © 2016 F.A. Davis Company Management Theories (cont’d) Human relations–oriented management – Work will motivate people (with supportive management) – Considers feelings of staff
Copyright © 2016 F.A. Davis Company Becoming a Leader and Manager (Pg ) Identify skills possessed and skills needed – SWOT analysis Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats – SOAR analysis Strengths, opportunities, aspirations, results Work with a preceptor Choose a mentor
Copyright © 2016 F.A. Davis Company Leadership/Management Concepts(Pg 1066) Power Ability to influence others despite their resistance Sources of power – Authority – Reward – Expertise – Coercion
Copyright © 2016 F.A. Davis Company Leadership/Management Concepts (cont’d) Empowerment A feeling of competence, control, entitlement Includes – Self-determination-can decide how to go about job – Caring about work-truly caring about job – Confidence in your ability-competence – Knowing you can make a difference-making an impact
Copyright © 2016 F.A. Davis Company Necessary Skills: Leaders and Managers (Pg1067) Ability to communicate – Circular process – Active listening Ability to delegate – Be aware of rules and regulations for delegating to nursing assistive personnel (NAP) –