Driving question: How does a tree grow and live? What & How 1.What does the tree need in order to grow and live? 2.How tree use them to grow and live?

Inputs and outputs in a tree Can you decode what happens inside a tree and how does a tree grow and live?

Glucose (organic) Plant biomass (large organic molecules) Photosynthesis chloroplast Cell walls, cytoplasm Inside tree Cells membrane, mitochondria Flow chart of tracing materials inside the tree Cellular Respiration Biosynthesis Energy for plant function Minerals (inorganic) Outside tree H 2 O (inorganic) CO 2 (inorganic) Sunlight energy H 2 O (inorganic) CO 2 (inorganic) Minerals for cells growth Inside tree

Photosynthesis part

What happens to the tree at macroscopic scale? Leaves Trunk Roots Branch

Material identity Matter Energy Energy transformation Matter Movement All Analyze photosynthesis at macroscopic scale scales Atomic molecular Large scale scales Analyzing Atomic molecular Microscopic Macroscopic Process photosynthesisBiosynthesis Cellular respiration Blank

Movement of materials at macroscopic scale scales Atomic molecular Large scale scales Atomic molecular Microscopic Macroscopic Material identity Matter Energy Energy transformation Matter Movement All Analyzing Process photosynthesisBiosynthesis Cellular respiration Blank

Photosynthesis water carbon dioxide sugar oxygen (From air to leaves) (From roots to leaves) (From leaves to air) (From leaves to all parts of tree) Transformation of materials at macroscopic scale scales Atomic molecular Large scale scales Atomic molecular Microscopic Macroscopic Material identity Matter Energy Energy transformation Matter Movement All Analyzing Process photosynthesisBiosynthesis Cellular respiration Blank

Photosynthesis light energy (From sun to leaves) Chemical energy (From leaves to glucose) Transformation of energy at macroscopic scale scales Atomic molecular Large scale scales Atomic molecular Microscopic Macroscopic Material identity Matter Energy Energy transformation Matter Movement All Analyzing Process photosynthesisBiosynthesis Cellular respiration Blank Heat

Photosynthesis water carbon dioxide sugar oxygen (From air to leaves) (From roots to leaves) (From leaves to air) (From leaves to all parts of tree) light energy (From sun to leaves) Chemical energy Photosynthesis at macroscopic scale scales Atomic molecular Large scale scales Atomic molecular Microscopic Macroscopic Material identity Matter Energy Energy transformation Matter Movement All Analyzing Process photosynthesisBiosynthesis Cellular respiration Blank Heat

What happens in photosynthesis at microscopic scale ? chloroplast

Analyze photosynthesis at microscopic scale scales Atomic molecular Microscopic Macroscopic Large scale scales Material identity Matter Energy Energy transformation Matter Movement All Analyzing Process photosynthesisBiosynthesis Cellular respiration Blank

Movement of materials at microscopic scale scales Atomic molecular Microscopic Macroscopic Large scale scales Material identity Matter Energy Energy transformation Matter Movement All Analyzing Process photosynthesisBiosynthesis Cellular respiration Blank

Transformation of materials at microscopic scale water carbon dioxide (From air to leaf cell) (From root to leaf cell) sugar oxygen (From leaf cell to air) (From leaf cell to all parts of tree) scales Atomic molecular Microscopic Macroscopic Large scale scales Material identity Matter Energy Energy transformation Matter Movement All Analyzing Process photosynthesisBiosynthesis Cellular respiration Blank

light energy (From sun to ATP Chemical energy (From ATP to glucose) Transformation of energy at microscopic scale scales Atomic molecular Microscopic Macroscopic Large scale scales Material identity Matter Energy Energy transformation Matter Movement All Analyzing Process photosynthesisBiosynthesis Cellular respiration Blank Heat

Photosynthesis at microscopic scale light energy (From sun to cell) water carbon dioxide (From air to leaf cell) (From root to leaf cell) sugar oxygen (From leaf cell to air) (From leaf cell to all parts of tree) Chemical energy scales Atomic molecular Microscopic Macroscopic Large scale scales Material identity Matter Energy Energy transformation Matter Movement All Analyzing Process photosynthesisBiosynthesis Cellular respiration Blank Heat

What happens to carbon dioxide and water at atomic-molecular scale? : H 2 O : CO 2

Energy formsEnergy movement Energy Transformation Analyze photosynthesis at atomic-molecular scale scales Atomic molecular Microscopic Macroscopic Large scale scales Material identity Matter Energy Energy transformation Matter Movement All Analyzing Process photosynthesisBiosynthesis Cellular respiration Blank

H 2 O (water) CO 2 (carbon dioxide) O 2 (oxygen) Energy formsEnergy movement Energy Transformation Transformation of matter at atomic molecular scale scales Atomic molecular Microscopic Macroscopic Large scale scales Material identity Matter Energy Energy transformation Matter Movement All Analyzing Process photosynthesisBiosynthesis Cellular respiration Blank C 6 H 12 O 6 (glucose)

Atoms movement of photosynthesis Click to see animation scales Atomic molecular Microscopic Macroscopic Large scale scales Material identity Matter Energy Energy transformation Matter Movement All Analyzing Process photosynthesisBiosynthesis Cellular respiration Blank

light energy (use to break bonds) Chemical energy (Stored in glucose) Energy formsEnergy movement Energy Transformation Transformation of energy at atomic molecular scale scales Atomic molecular Microscopic Macroscopic Large scale scales Material identity Matter Energy Energy transformation Matter Movement All Analyzing Process photosynthesisBiosynthesis Cellular respiration Blank High energy bonds Heat

H 2 O CO 2 light energy (use to break bonds) Chemical energy O2O2 C 6 H 12 O 6 Photosynthesis at atomic molecular scale scales Atomic molecular Microscopic Macroscopic Large scale scales Material identity Matter Energy Energy transformation Matter Movement All Analyzing Process photosynthesisBiosynthesis Cellular respiration Blank Heat

Biosynthesis part

How does a tree’s trunk grow? Leaves Trunk Roots Branch

Analyze biosynthesis by filters at macroscopic scale scales Atomic molecular Microscopic Macroscopic Large scale scales Material identity Matter Energy Energy transformation Matter Movement All filter Analyzing Process photosynthesisBiosynthesis Cellular respiration Blank

Matter movement of biosynthesis at macroscopic scale scales Atomic molecular Microscopic Macroscopic Large scale scales Material identity Matter Energy Energy transformation Matter Movement All filter Analyzing Process photosynthesisBiosynthesis Cellular respiration Blank

Matter transformation of biosynthesis at macroscopic scale Minerals Large organic molecules Water scales Atomic molecular Microscopic Macroscopic Large scale scales Material identity Matter Energy Energy transformation Matter Movement All filter Analyzing Process photosynthesisBiosynthesis Cellular respiration Blank Glucose

Energy transformation of biosynthesis at macroscopic scale Chemical energy Heat Chemical energy scales Atomic molecular Microscopic Macroscopic Large scale scales Material identity Matter Energy Energy transformation Matter Movement All filter Analyzing Process photosynthesisBiosynthesis Cellular respiration Blank

Biosynthesis at macroscopic scale Large organic molecules Chemical energy Heat Chemical energy Water scales Atomic molecular Microscopic Macroscopic Large scale scales Material identity Matter Energy Energy transformation Matter Movement All filter Analyzing Process photosynthesisBiosynthesis Cellular respiration Blank Minerals Glucose

What happens of biosynthesis at microscopic scale ?

Analyze biosynthesis at microscopic scale scales Atomic molecular Microscopic Macroscopic Large scale scales Material identity Matter Energy Energy transformation Matter Movement All Analyzing Blank Process PhotosynthesisBiosynthesis Cellular respiration

Matter movement of biosynthesis at microscopic scale Material identity Matter Energy Energy transformation Matter Movement All Blank Process PhotosynthesisBiosynthesis Cellular respiration scales Atomic molecular Microscopic Macroscopic Large scale scales Analyzing

Matter transformation of biosynthesis at microscopic scale Material identity Matter Energy Energy transformation Matter Movement All Blank Process PhotosynthesisBiosynthesis Cellular respiration scales Atomic molecular Microscopic Macroscopic Large scale scales Analyzing

Energy transformation of biosynthesis at microscopic scale Chemical energy Heat Chemical energy Material identity Matter Energy Energy transformation Matter Movement All Blank Process PhotosynthesisBiosynthesis Cellular respiration scales Atomic molecular Microscopic Macroscopic Large scale scales Analyzing

Biosynthesis at microscopic scale Chemical energy Heat Chemical energy Material identity Matter Energy Energy transformation Matter Movement All Blank Process PhotosynthesisBiosynthesis Cellular respiration scales Atomic molecular Microscopic Macroscopic Large scale scales Analyzing

What happens of biosynthesis at atomic-molecular scale ? P K

Analyze biosynthesis at atomic-molecular scale Material identity Matter Energy Energy transformation Matter Movement All Analyzing Blank Process PhotosynthesisBiosynthesis Cellular respiration scales Atomic molecular Microscopic Macroscopic Large scale scales

Matter movement of biosynthesis at atomic-molecular scale Click to see animation scales Atomic molecular Microscopic Macroscopic Large scale scales Material identity Matter Energy Energy transformation Matter Movement All Analyzing Blank Process PhotosynthesisBiosynthesis Cellular respiration

Matter transformation of biosynthesis at atomic-molecular scale Protein Starch & cellulose Minerals Sugar scales Atomic molecular Microscopic Macroscopic Large scale scales P K P K Material identity Matter Energy Energy transformation Matter Movement All Analyzing Blank Process PhotosynthesisBiosynthesis Cellular respiration

Heat Energy transformation of biosynthesis at atomic-molecular scale Chemical energy scales Atomic molecular Microscopic Macroscopic Large scale scales P K Material identity Matter Energy Energy transformation Matter Movement All Analyzing Blank Process PhotosynthesisBiosynthesis Cellular respiration

Heat Biosynthesis at atomic-molecular scale Protein Starch & cellulose Sugar Chemical energy scales Atomic molecular Microscopic Macroscopic Large scale scales P K P K Material identity Matter Energy Energy transformation Matter Movement All Analyzing Blank Process PhotosynthesisBiosynthesis Cellular respiration Minerals

Cellular respiration part

Tree’s cellular respiration at macroscopic scale Leaves Trunk Roots Branch How do cells in the trunk of the tree get energy to move materials up and down the trunk?

Analyze cellular respiration by filters at macroscopic scale scales Atomic molecular Large scale scales Atomic molecular Microscopic Macroscopic Material identity Matter Energy Energy transformation Matter Movement All filter Analyzing Process photosynthesisBiosynthesis Cellular respiration Blank

Movement of materials at macroscopic scale scales Atomic molecular Large scale scales Atomic molecular Microscopic Macroscopic Material identity Matter Energy Energy transformation Matter Movement All filter Analyzing Process photosynthesisBiosynthesis Cellular respiration Blank

Transformation of materials at macroscopic scale Cellular respiration water carbon dioxide Glucose oxygen (From tree to air) (Inside the tree) (From airs to tree) (Inside the tree) scales Atomic molecular Large scale scales Atomic molecular Microscopic Macroscopic Material identity Matter Energy Energy transformation Matter Movement All filter Analyzing Process photosynthesisBiosynthesis Cellular respiration Blank

Transformation of energy at macroscopic scale Cellular respiration (Inside the tree) Work (For plant to live) Chemical energy Heat scales Atomic molecular Large scale scales Atomic molecular Microscopic Macroscopic Material identity Matter Energy Energy transformation Matter Movement All filter Analyzing Process photosynthesisBiosynthesis Cellular respiration Blank

water carbon dioxide Glucose oxygen (From tree to air) (Inside the tree) (From air to tree) (Inside the tree) Work (For plant to live) Chemical energy Transformation of materials and energy at macroscopic scale Heat scales Atomic molecular Large scale scales Atomic molecular Microscopic Macroscopic Material identity Matter Energy Energy transformation Matter Movement All filter Analyzing Process photosynthesisBiosynthesis Cellular respiration Blank

What happens of cellular respiration at microscopic scale ?

Analyze cellular respiration by filters at microscopic scale scales Atomic molecular Microscopic Macroscopic Large scale scales Material identity Matter Energy Energy transformation Matter Movement All filter Analyzing Process photosynthesisBiosynthesis Cellular respiration Blank

Movement of materials at microscopic scale scales Atomic molecular Microscopic Macroscopic Large scale scales Material identity Matter Energy Energy transformation Matter Movement All filter Analyzing Process photosynthesisBiosynthesis Cellular respiration Blank

Chemical energy Work Transformation of energy at microscopic scale Heat scales Atomic molecular Microscopic Macroscopic Large scale scales Material identity Matter Energy Energy transformation Matter Movement All filter Analyzing Process photosynthesisBiosynthesis Cellular respiration Blank

Transformation of materials at microscopic scale sugar oxygen (From air to cells) (From tree to cell) water carbon dioxide (From cell to air) (Inside the cell) scales Atomic molecular Microscopic Macroscopic Large scale scales Material identity Matter Energy Energy transformation Matter Movement All filter Analyzing Process photosynthesisBiosynthesis Cellular respiration Blank

Transformation of materials and energy at microscopic scale sugar oxygen (From air to cells) (From tree to cell) Chemical energy water carbon dioxide (From cell to air) (Inside the cell) Heat Work scales Atomic molecular Microscopic Macroscopic Large scale scales Material identity Matter Energy Energy transformation Matter Movement All filter Analyzing Process photosynthesisBiosynthesis Cellular respiration Blank

What happens to oxygen and glucose at atomic- molecular scale? : C 6 H 12 O 6 : O 2

Energy formsEnergy movement Energy Transformation Analyze cellular respiration by filters at atomic-molecular scale scales Atomic molecular Microscopic Macroscopic Large scale scales Material identity Matter Energy Energy transformation with high energy bonds Matter Movement All filter Analyzing Process photosynthesisBiosynthesis Cellular respiration Blank

H 2 O CO 2 O2O2 C 6 H 12 O 6 Energy formsEnergy movement Energy Transformation Transformation of matter at atomic molecular scale scales Atomic molecular Microscopic Macroscopic Large scale scales Material identity Matter Energy Energy transformation with high energy bonds Matter Movement All filter Analyzing Process photosynthesisBiosynthesis Cellular respiration Blank

Atoms movement of cellular respiration Click to see animation scales Atomic molecular Microscopic Macroscopic Large scale scales Material identity Matter Energy Energy transformation with high energy bonds Matter Movement All filter Analyzing Process photosynthesisBiosynthesis Cellular respiration Blank

Chemical energy Transformation of energy at atomic molecular scale scales Atomic molecular Microscopic Macroscopic Large scale scales Material identity Matter Energy Energy transformation with high energy bonds Matter Movement All filter Analyzing Process photosynthesisBiosynthesis Cellular respiration Blank Work (For plant to live) Heat

H 2 O CO 2 Chemical energy O2O2 C 6 H 12 O 6 Transformation of matter and energy at atomic molecular scale Work (For plant to live) Heat scales Atomic molecular Microscopic Macroscopic Large scale scales Material identity Matter Energy Energy transformation with high energy bonds Matter Movement All filter Analyzing Process photosynthesisBiosynthesis Cellular respiration Blank

The End