 Definition:  appealing to the reader’s logic  Examples:  facts  statistics  logical proofs

 Definition:  appealing to the reader’s emotions  Examples:  anecdotes  examples

 Definition:  appealing to the reader by claiming authority  Examples:  acknowledging the opposition  citing other authorities  giving credentials

 Definition:  trying to frighten the audience into agreeing with the writer by threatening them with unrealistically dire consequences  Example:  if you don’t support the tax plan, you and your family will be reduced to poverty.

 Definition:  encourages the audience to agree with the writer because everyone else is doing so  Example:  you need to buy a hybrid car because all the celebrities are doing it.

 Definition:  suggesting that one thing will lead to another and another ending in disastrous results  Example:  if you get a B in high school you will never get into a good college, so you won’t be able to get a good job, and nobody will want to marry you, and you will die alone

 Definition:  a writer restating the original claim in a different way instead of giving actual support  Example:  his lies are evident from the untruthful nature of his statement

 Definition:  drawing conclusions from scanty evidence and then making broad blanket statements  Example:  I was in an accident with a driver from New York once; all New Yorkers are bad drivers.

 You will be working in groups of three. I will assign your group one of the rhetorical fallacies we just learned. Your group’s job is to come up with as many examples of that fallacy as possible, using the magazines.  I will then divide the class into two groups. You will present your examples to the other members of the large group.

1.Diet soda contains less sugar than regular soda. 2.The new sewage treatment plant is a waste of money. 3.We must guarantee health care for everyone. 4.Manuel weighs over 150 pounds. 5.Prayer in public schools is forbidden by the Constitution. 6.It’s expensive to sail on a cruise ship. 7.The air in Santa Monica contains more hydrocarbons than the air in New York City. 8.The lake is too cold for swimming.