Watersheds The area of land that is drained by a river is called a watershed or drainage basin.

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Presentation transcript:

Watersheds The area of land that is drained by a river is called a watershed or drainage basin.

Large scale watersheds

Minnesota watersheds

Divide - Wind River Mtns., Wyoming Ridges or elevated regions that separate watersheds.

River System A river and all of its tributaries.

Tributary Smaller streams that flow into a larger one. Ex: The Vermillion River.

Velocity- Speed The distance that water travels in a given amount of time. (meters/second) (m/s) – Higher velocity=more erosion and can carry larger particles – Slow velocity=>.27m/s (1ft/s) Slowest at sides and bottom b/c friction. The distance that water travels in a given amount of time. (meters/second) (m/s) – Higher velocity=more erosion and can carry larger particles – Slow velocity=>.27m/s (1ft/s) Slowest at sides and bottom b/c friction.

Stream Flow Volume of water moving through the river in a given amount of time. – Importance Fast rivers handle more pollution Volume and velocity effects types of organisms that live in river Slow moving conditions = muddier bottom Fast moving conditions = suspended sediment (dirty looking water) Fast moving streams have more D.O. – Good for plants and animals.

Discharge Amount of water that passes a certain point in a given amount of time, usually one second. Measured in cubic feet per second

Transparency Measurement of how clear the water is. Importance – Suspended particles absorb sunlight= warm water Warm water holds less oxygen than cold Block in sunlight reduces plant life Suspended particles interrupt bottom dwellers habitat

Vermillion River 372 square miles Includes Scott, Dakota, and Goodhue Counties Originates in New Market Township in Scott County and ends in Hastings Joins the Mississippi River just north of Red Wing

The good and bad of the Vermillion River Good Problem areas Supports naturally reproducing trout Watershed citizens and high school students volunteer by collecting data for the river and its tributaries. Urban and rural non-point source pollution are threats to the rivers Four wastewater treatment plants discharge to the Vermillion River

Human impacts on river What are things we do to increase the likelihood of pollution? What things do we do to help decrease point source and non- point source pollution?