PhilHistCons First Shifting Review

Periodization Emergent period according to Felipe Landa Jocano (formative, incipient) Archaic period according to Wilhelm Solheim

Christian and Indigenous Filipinos Mangyans Igorots T’bolis

Which does not belong to the region? Leyte Samar Biliran Negros

Flora and Fauna Tubbataha Reef Apo Reef Tarsier, Tamaraw

Largest lakes Laguna de Bay Lake Taal Lake Lanao

Theories of Philippine Origin Land Bridges Theory Remnant of a Lost Continent Theory Volcanic Origin

Filipino Euphemism “Bahala na” “Susubukan ko”

Kaugaliang Pilipino Utang na loob Hiya Pakikisama

Stages of Development Paleolithic Era--Neolithic Era Age of Metals Age of Contact and Trade

Porcelain and Ceramics Chinese traded with the early Filipinos in the 13 th century

Pottery in the Philippines started and developed during the Neolithic Era Appeared in the country around 6 th BC Burial jars in Cagayan are evidences of the presence of pottery in the country

Significance of baybayin Already developed a system of writing Already had a culture and civilization

Religious life Burial jars Babaylan rituals Offering sacrifices

East Asian River System Theory Moved from Central Asia into the mainland and insular Southeast Asia

Vocabulario de Lengua Tagalo significance It helped reconstruct 16 th century Philippine History

1613 Vocabulario Tools used during agricultural activities: -Kaingin -Balaon -Tangar

Neolithic tools recovered by Prof. Beyer -support the East Asian River System Theory Show similarities to Bacsonian stone tools found in NE Vietnam Support the Tonkin Gulf Area-Luzon Passage

Theory of Monosyllabic Origin of Philippineasian Languages (reconstruction of pre-historic Philippines) -proved that Indonesia and Australia were the parent speech of proto-Philippineasian Explained its devt as monosyllabic then became disyllabic and later on, polysyllabic Monosyllabic elements originated from South China

Maharlika Timawas Non-slave subjects Accompanied their lord to war armed at their own expense

Elite class From datu – principales (local elite, later) Ilustrados Middle class

How does a timawa acquire its free status? -purchased freedom in gold

Aliping namamahay Inheritance from namamahay parents Dropping down from second estate Rising from sagigilid status

Datu’s main function Lead the war

Biag ti Lam-ang, epics Epics before Spanish colonization Early literature that reflects pre-colonial culture

Early contacts Breeding of ducks by Japanese