Judaism:What is it? Oldest of the Monotheistic Religions Founded by Abraham around BC Set the stage for other Monotheistic Religions that would follow Practiced by the Hebrew people of Middle East

Basics(SOLs) Development of religious traditions –Polytheism was practiced by most early civilizations. –Monotheism was practiced by the Hebrews. Origins of Judaism –Abraham –Moses –Jerusalem Beliefs, traditions, and customs of Judaism –Belief in one God (monotheism) –Torah, which contains the written records and beliefs of the Jews –Ten Commandments, which state moral and religious conduct Spread of Judaism –Exile –Diaspora

Hebrew People Set foundation for Judaism, Christianity, and Islam Lived in Palestine(modern State of Israel) Abraham- led his people away from traditional gods to “one true god” and they were promised a land of their own “Father of Monotheism”- most people a the time were Polytheistic Enslaved by the Egyptians until 1230BC led out of slavery by ……?

Judaism Three influential Kings( BC): Saul David Solomon (temple?) Kingdom splits after Solomon -North(Israel)- falls to the Assyrians in 722BC -South(Judah)- fell to Neo- Babylonians and Nebuchadnezzar in 586 BC

Judaism Jews were exiled by the Babylonians Allowed to return under Cyrus and Persian Empire (remember that?) Important beliefs of Judaism Monotheism Code of Conduct - 10 Commandments Idea of a Messiah- not Jesus No man is above the law (even leaders)

Beliefs of Judaism Write this in at the bottom of your notes: –The Torah contains the written records and beliefs of the Jews

Founding to Early Development By 2000 BC –He heard the word of God and moved his people to Canaan(Israel) –Almost sacrificed his son Isaac but God spared him –Entered into the 1 st Covenant with God Hebrews then move to Egypt –Eventually fell into slavery –Led out by Moses- the Exodus LyricsLyrics Moses receives the Ten Commandments from God(2 nd Covenant)

Founding to Early Development Return to homeland and have a series of kings Saul- drove out the Philistines' David- United the tribes, made capital, established a dynasty Solomon-built temple to glorify God Kingdom splits and temple of Solomon is destroyed for 1 st time Chaldeans(Neo-Babylonians) attack Allowed to return under King Cyrus and Persians

3 Branches of Judaism Most strict Modern adaptations Find the “ Middle Ground ” Most relaxed

History of Judaism History of Persecution- always religious minority Recent times?, long history? Assyrians, Chaldeans, Egyptians, Romans, Europeans, Germans Diaspora- dispersal of Jews across Europe and Near East after Roman response to rebellion in 70 AD Holocaust- death of 6 million Jews in WWII Israel- Modern Theocratic State founded in 1948 after WWII Created in Jewish homeland in Palestine upset Arab world Still volatile issue

The Holocaust and Israel

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Worship In Synagogues(or home) led by Rabbi Sabbath is Friday sundown to Sat sundown No portrayal or images of God, name? Important Holidays Rosh Hashanah, Yom Kippur, Passover, Hanukkah, Bar(Bat) Mitzvah Symbols Star of David, Shofar, Kippah, Menorah, Mezuzah

Torah Sacred Text of Judaism First Five books of the Old Testament (39 books) Foundation of belief Ten Commandments Talmud- Oral Torah Western Wall “wailing wall” -very holy site remains of Solomon’s temple after it was destroyed by the Romans in 70 AD

Other Stuff Why aren’t there more people who practice Judaism? Where are centers of the Judaism? Judeo-Christian Teachings