THE OZONE NOVEMBER skin cancer Read and annotate the article “Fish with Skin Cancer”. Circle any words you are unfamiliar with. Answer the guiding questions after.

GUIDING QUESTIONS 1.After reading this article, how would you define ozone? 2.How do you think the article is related to the video?  What does it make you think about?  How does it make you feel? 3.How do you think this article is related to our lesson today? 4. Why do you think doctors tell us to wear sunscreen?

WHAT IS THE ATMOSPHERE? Provides us with oxygen Absorbs harmful solar radiation Burns up incoming meteors Transports and recycles water and nutrients Moderates climate

WHAT ARE THE LAYERS OF THE ATMOSPHERE? There are 4 layers (from bottom to top): Troposphere – provides O 2, causes weather, thinnest layer Stratosphere – “ozone layer” – protects from UV Mesosphere – low air pressure, low temps Thermosphere Trick: Tiny Soldiers Make Tents

WHAT IS THE STRATOSPHERIC OZONE? Second layer of the atmosphere The GOOD  Ozone absorbs the sun’s harmful UV rays UV light can damage living tissue and cause genetic mutations The BAD  pollutants tend to get trapped and remain in the atmosphere for a long time

#4.8 AIM: HOW DOES AIR POLLUTION AFFECT THE OZONE LAYER? AGENDA QOD (10) LESSON: CFC’S (15) ACTIVITY: THE MONTREAL PROTOCOL (15) SUMMARY (5) HW #37 What is ozone? O3O3

ISN’T OZONE A GREENHOUSE GAS? YES and NO Ozone in the stratosphere blocks UV rays. WE CANNOT LIVE WITHOUT THIS OZONE LAYER! Ozone in the troposphere is a greenhouse gas pollutant that results from anthropogenic emissions. THIS TYPE OF OZONE POSES HEALTH THREATS! Can cause respiratory problems

#4.8 AIM: HOW DOES AIR POLLUTION AFFECT THE OZONE LAYER? AGENDA QOD (10) LESSON: CFC’S (15) ACTIVITY: THE MONTREAL PROTOCOL (15) SUMMARY (5) HW #37 What is ozone? The hole in the ozone layer In the 1960 ’ s, scientists started to notice a very thin part of the ozone layer above the Antarctic. What do you think is causing this ozone depletion? Ozone hole

#4.8 AIM: HOW DOES AIR POLLUTION AFFECT THE OZONE LAYER? AGENDA QOD (10) LESSON: CFC’S (15) ACTIVITY: THE MONTREAL PROTOCOL (15) SUMMARY (5) HW #37 What is ozone? CFC ’ s Chloroflourocarbons (CFC ’ s) are a type of air pollutant released by aerosol spraycans, refrigerators, and air conditioners. What ’ s so bad about turning the ozone layer into oxygen? CFC ’ s destroy ozone by turning it into oxygen.

#4.8 AIM: HOW DOES AIR POLLUTION AFFECT THE OZONE LAYER? AGENDA QOD (10) LESSON: CFC’S (15) ACTIVITY: THE MONTREAL PROTOCOL (15) SUMMARY (5) HW #37

WHY OVER THE ANTARCTIC? Hole 3x the size of Australia Ozone hole = August- November June = cycle begins Vortex of cold winds and dark winter create polar stratospheric clouds that trap CFCs September = more sunlight Chemical reaction that converts ozone to oxygen (ozone destruction) November = no more vortex Ozone rich air mixes in to thinning ozone

WHAT ARE THE EFFECTS OF OZONE DEPLETION? Increased UV radiation Increased risk of skin cancer for ALL living things including Harm to crops Harm to ocean phytoplankton which is the base of all marine food chains Increased mutations Increased eye cataracts Climate Change

TYPES OF ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION 1.UVA  skin tanning  Less potent that UVB  More of it reaches the surface 2.UVB  sunburns and skin cancer 3.UVC  ozone  Found only in the stratosphere

#4.8 AIM: HOW DOES AIR POLLUTION AFFECT THE OZONE LAYER? AGENDA QOD (10) LESSON: CFC’S (15) ACTIVITY: THE MONTREAL PROTOCOL (15) SUMMARY (5) HW #37 Today the ozone layer is doing much better… why? N 2 O is now contributing most to stratospheric ozone depletion

HOW CAN WE REVERSE OZONE DEPLETION? Montreal Protocol  International Treaty (1987) Restrict CFC production 180 nations agreed to cut productions by at least 50% Today we have reduced CFC production by over 95% Long term recovery of ozone layer THROWBACK Does it seem like the Montreal Protocol was more or less effective than the Kyoto protocol? Why or why not? THROWBACK Does it seem like the Montreal Protocol was more or less effective than the Kyoto protocol? Why or why not?

WHAT IS CONVECTIVE CIRCULATION? Air near Earth’s surface is warmer and moister than air at higher altitudes Convection circulation: Warm air rise = vertical currents expands and cools as it rises into lower pressure As it cools, it becomes denser and sinks back down Ever wonder why the upstairs of a building is always hotter? “Warm air rises and cold air sinks”

WHY IS VERTICAL MIXING IMPORTANT? Temperature Inversion: when a patch of cool air gets trapped underneath warm air the cooler air at the bottom resists vertical mixing Vertical mixing pushes ground level pollution upward to be diluted in the atmosphere The 1952 “killer smog” took place when a thermal inversion trapped pollutants from factories

WHAT CAUSES STORMS? Hurricanes form when winds rush into areas of low pressure where warm, wet air over a tropical ocean is rising Tornadoes form when a mass of warm air meets a mass of cold air and warm air rises quickly, setting a powerful convection current in motion

QUICK CHECK Directions: Hold up a finger corresponding to the letter of the correct answers for the following questions. For example: a B corresponds to 2 fingers and a C corresponds to 3 fingers, etc.

QUESTION 1 THE STRATOSPHERIC OZONE IS NECESSARY TO OUR SURVIVAL AND PROTECTS US FROM UV RAYS. A. TRUE B. FALSE

QUESTION 2 WHAT IS THE MAIN CULPRIT OF OZONE DEPLETION? A. greenhouse gases B. CFCs C. UV rays D. rain

QUESTION 3 What is the name of the protocol that regulated CFC production in 1987? A. Kyoto B. Montreal C. Kalamazoo D. Rio de Janeiro