Life’s 6 Kingdoms Animals Plants Fungus Protists Archaebacteria Eubacteria More complex – multicellular Less complex – Only one or two cells

What are characteristics of living things? Living Things How it helps / Purpose to do life’s functions to react properly to surroundings To make more of themselves To become more complex Characteristics 1.Obtain and use resources for energy 2.Respond to Stimuli 3.Reproduce 4.Grow and develop

Characteristics of Living Things 1.All organisms obtain resources (ex. food, oxygen, and water, providing energy for life, like growing and developing). A.Autotrophs make their own food through the process of photosynthesis (ex. plants). B.Heterotrophs must find an external source for food (ex. animals). How do organisms get energy? EQ: How do living things differ from non-living things?

2. Energy is released from food in most organisms through the process of respiration. How do organisms get energy?

A stimulus is a change in an organism’s surroundings that causes it to react.. What are stimuli?

A stimulus is a change in an organism’s surroundings that causes it to react. Examples of Stimuli a. amount of light b. temperature c. sound d. amount of water e. amount of space f. amounts or types of food g. other organisms present. What are stimuli? What are examples of stimuli?

A response is a reaction to a stimulus. Examples of Stimuli and responses –Stimuli: touching a hot pan. –Response: pull hand away quickly. –Stimuli: bird hears a noise. –Response: bird flies away.. What is a response? What are examples of stimuli and responses?

Organisms reproduce offspring similar parent(s). Two Types of Reproducing 1.Asexual reproduction: Involves only one parent and produces offspring that are identical to the parent. Think (“A” – 1 st letter of alphabet … = 1 Parent) 2.Sexual reproduction: Involves two parents. The egg (female reproductive cell) and sperm (male reproductive cell) combine to make an offspring that is a little different from both parents. How do organisms reproduce?

Growth - organism becomes larger. Development – organisms becoming more complex structurally. Organisms require energy to grow and develop.. How do organisms Grow and Develop?

Title: 7 Levels for Classifying Living Things Taxonomy - Study of how scientists classify organisms. Organism put in broad (big) group, then more specific groups based on its structures. The more levels organisms shares the more they have in common. 1.Kingdom 2.Phylum 3.Class 4.Order 5.Family 6.Genus 7.Species

Levels of Classification Mnemonic Device 1. Kingdom King 2. Phylum Paul 3. Class Called 4. Order Out 5. Family For 6. Genus Grape Soda 7. Species

Kingdom - Largest category for classifying organisms. Placement is based on organisms ability to make food and the number of cells in their body. 1.

Phylum - means divisions. Animal divided into two groups: vertebrates and invertebrates. Plants divided into two groups: vascular and nonvascular. 2.

-Levels become more specific. Each level include fewer organisms that have more in common with each other as they move down the levels. 3. Class 4. Order 5. Family

Genus - Contains closely related organisms. The genus is used as the first word in an organism’s scientific name. 6.

Species - Consists of all the organisms of the same type which are able to breed and produce young of the same kind. The species is used as the second word in an organism’s scientific name. 7.

Scientific Naming - Organism’s name is made up of its Genus and species. Its written in italics (Genus species) with the genus capitalized. Examples:  Canis lupus = wolf  Pinus taeda = loblolly pine.

Characteristics of Animals What are characteristics of animals? Vertebrates or Invertebrates. Bodies are multi-cellular. Heterotrophs - get energy by eating other organisms. Major functions - obtain food, oxygen for energy, keep internal conditions in balance, move, and reproduce.

Simple animals with many pores (holes). Water moves into a central cavity and out through a hole in the top. Get food and eliminate wastes through this passage of water. Have specialized cells for obtaining food and oxygen from the water. They are SESSILE– don’t move. Invertebrate : Characteristics of SPONGES

Invertebrate: Characteristics of CNIDARIANS Found only in water. Have tentacles with stinging cells to capture prey. Have a central opening where food is taken in. Have a simple nervous system to feel prey. Many are sessile – don’t move (jelly fish are not sessile). EXAMPLES: jelly fish, sea anemone

Have long tube-like bodies divided into segments. The simplest organisms with a nervous system and blood in vessels. Have a long digestive tube through their body. Take in oxygen from the water through their skin. EXAMPLES: earthworms and leeches. Invertebrate: Char. of SEGMENTED WORMS

Have soft bodies; most have a thick muscular foot for movement or to open and close their shells. Have more developed body systems than sponges or worms. Take in oxygen through gills or lungs, and some have shells. EXAMPLES: slugs, snails, clams, and octopuses. Invertebrate : Characteristics of MOLLUSKS

Have arms that extend from the middle body outwards. Have tube feet that take in oxygen from the water and spines. EXAMPLES: sea stars, brittle stars, sea cucumbers, or sea urchins. Invertebrate : Characteristics of ECHINODERMS

Have jointed legs, segmented bodies, and some have wings. They have hard outer coverings called exoskeletons. They obtain oxygen from the air through gills or air tubes. EXAMPLES: insects, arachnids, and crustaceans. Invertebrate : Characteristics of ARTHROPODS