KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR Election of 1960Election of 1960
KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR CANDIDATESCANDIDATES RICHARD NIXONRICHARD NIXON REPUBLICANREPUBLICAN
KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR DEMOCRATDEMOCRAT JOHN F. KENNEDYJOHN F. KENNEDY
KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR SIMILARITIESSIMILARITIES VETERANS IN WORLD WAR IIVETERANS IN WORLD WAR II Both rising in partyBoth rising in party
KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR Both were SenatorsBoth were Senators Kennedy MassachusettsKennedy Massachusetts Nixon CaliforniaNixon California
KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR Nixon however was Vice-PresidentNixon however was Vice-President
KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR Kennedy came from a wealthy familyKennedy came from a wealthy family Joseph (father) made his fortune in stock marketJoseph (father) made his fortune in stock market
KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR And bootlegging whiskey during prohibitionAnd bootlegging whiskey during prohibition
KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR Joe Kennedy was oldest son he was the chosen son to run for President.Joe Kennedy was oldest son he was the chosen son to run for President.
KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR Killed during World War IIKilled during World War II
KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR Campaign:Campaign: Kennedy was CatholicKennedy was Catholic Became an issueBecame an issue
KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR Concern Kennedy would be guided by the PopeConcern Kennedy would be guided by the Pope
KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR Kennedy calmed fearsKennedy calmed fears By openly discussing the issueBy openly discussing the issue
KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR Kennedy was 43 years oldKennedy was 43 years old Too inexperiencedToo inexperienced
KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR Campaign:Campaign: Kennedy was CatholicKennedy was Catholic Became an issueBecame an issue
KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR Concern Kennedy would be guided by the PopeConcern Kennedy would be guided by the Pope
KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR Kennedy calmed fearsKennedy calmed fears By openly discussing the issueBy openly discussing the issue
KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR Kennedy was 43 years oldKennedy was 43 years old Too inexperiencedToo inexperienced
KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR Televised DebatesTelevised Debates 1 st time1 st time Kennedy was well coached by television producersKennedy was well coached by television producers
KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR Nixon looked haggardNixon looked haggard Just got out of hospital was still sickJust got out of hospital was still sick
KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR Kennedy's youthful appearance served him wellKennedy's youthful appearance served him well
KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR People watching debate on television felt Kennedy wonPeople watching debate on television felt Kennedy won
KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR People listening to debate on the radio felt Nixon wonPeople listening to debate on the radio felt Nixon won
KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR Election resultsElection results Kennedy won by 120,000 votesKennedy won by 120,000 votes Illinois was keyIllinois was key
KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR Kennedy was the first Catholic PresidentKennedy was the first Catholic President Youngest president ever electedYoungest president ever elected 43 years old43 years old
FIGHTING THE COLD WAR MASSIVE REALITATION EISENHOWER’S POLICY TOWARDS SOVIETSMASSIVE REALITATION EISENHOWER’S POLICY TOWARDS SOVIETS
FIGHTING THE COLD WAR Kennedy thought small disagreements or conflicts were not worth going to war overKennedy thought small disagreements or conflicts were not worth going to war over
FIGHTING THE COLD WAR Nation had become dependent on Nuclear weaponsNation had become dependent on Nuclear weapons
FIGHTING THE COLD WAR Kennedy proposed a new strategy More troops to fight He did expand nuclear weapons
FIGHTING THE COLD WAR Created elite branch of the service Green Berets
FIGHTING THE COLD WAR Allow United States to fight limited wars Flexible Response
FIGHTING THE COLD WAR Castro has taken over Cuba Communist regime 90 miles from United States
FIGHTING THE COLD WAR
Cuban émigré’s in the United States invaded Cuba
Émigré's were going to incite a revolution and overthrow Castro
Castro's forces repelled attack
Kennedy refused air support doomed invasion
All invaders were captured or killed
Major embarrassment for Kennedy
Kennedy took full responsibility for failure
Russia and Khrushchev thought Kennedy weak and indecisive
FIGHTING THE COLD WAR Berlin divided city Thousands leaving East Berlin to West
FIGHTING THE COLD WAR Khrushchev and Russia ordered wall to be built
FIGHTING THE COLD WAR Although there was a confrontation at Checkpoint Charlie between U.S and Soviet tanks
FIGHTING THE COLD WAR Even though Kennedy responded with reservist activation
FIGHTING THE COLD WAR And Russia backed down at Checkpoint Charlie It was perceived by the Russians Kennedy did nothing about the wall
FIGHTING THE COLD WAR Khrushchev believed Kennedy to be inexperiencedKhrushchev believed Kennedy to be inexperienced
FIGHTING THE COLD WAR Appeared again to Russia and Khrushchev Kennedy was weak and not willing to respond to events
CUBAN MISSLE CRISIS October 14-October
CUBAN MISSLE CRISIS Kennedy, Khrushchev, Castro
FIGHTING THE COLD WAR Missiles discovered by U-2 Surveillance planes
FIGHTING THE COLD WAR 90 miles from United States90 miles from United States Missiles now 5 minutes away from united StatesMissiles now 5 minutes away from united States
FIGHTING THE COLD WAR Kennedy and ex-com proposed responsesKennedy and ex-com proposed responses 4 options4 options
FIGHTING THE COLD WAR OPTION 1OPTION 1 Surgical air strikesSurgical air strikes
FIGHTING THE COLD WAR OPTION 2OPTION 2 Tactical air strikesTactical air strikes
FIGHTING THE COLD WAR OPTION 2OPTION 2 Followed by invasion of CubaFollowed by invasion of Cuba
FIGHTING THE COLD WAR OPTION 3OPTION 3 Blockade of CubaBlockade of Cuba
FIGHTING THE COLD WAR OPTION 4OPTION 4 NegotiationsNegotiations
X-COMM Robert F KennedyRobert F Kennedy –Attorney General
X-COMM –R–R–R–R Robert McNamara Secretary of Defense
Dean Rusk Secretary of State
McGEORGE BUNDY National Security Advisor
Adlai Stevenson Ambassador to the United Nations Director of CIA
States Air Force Curtis LeMay Chief of Staff United
Dean Acheson Advisor to Ex-Com Republican Advisor to President Eisenhower
Advisor and Speech writer for JFK Ted Sorenson
FIGHTING THE COLD WAR Blockade was chosen as solution Kennedy addressed Nation
FIGHTING THE COLD WAR Brinkmanship Ships stopped “looks like someone blinked”
FIGHTING THE COLD WAR U S received a telegram from Russia stating the Russian would withdraw weapons
FIGHTING THE COLD WAR If United States agreed not to invade Cuba
FIGHTING THE COLD WAR Next day the U S received another message this one stronger called for removing missiles from Turkey
FIGHTING THE COLD WAR Kennedy ignored second message agreed to first
FIGHTING THE COLD WAR Crisis eased but not before the two Super Powers were so close to World War III
FIGHTING THE COLD WAR Kennedy did agree secretly to remove obsolete missiles from Turkey six months laterKennedy did agree secretly to remove obsolete missiles from Turkey six months later
VIETNAM November 22,1963 Kennedy is assassinated in Dallas Texas
VIETNAM
VIETNAM Lyndon B Johnson is now President