Section 1 “A Republican Decade” Pages

 Communism  Red Scare  Isolationism  Disarmament  Quota  Teapot Dome Scandal  Kellogg-Briand Pact

 The Russian Revolution: working class oppress (classless society appealing)  American fears (blamed Europe for WWI)  1919 Russian Backed Communist tried to overthrow German Govt.  U.S. newspapers whipped up public’s fear (Red Scare)

 Schenck v. U.S. ◦ Justify jailing radicals (“clear & present danger”)  Gitlow v. New York ◦ Used 14 th amendment to apply Bill of Rights to state actions  The Palmer Raids-1919 ◦ Bombs exploded in cities ◦ Set up a special force to conduct raids & arrest suspected “subversives”  Sacco & Vanzetti ◦ Many called the trial unfair (Executed)

 Boston Police Strike ◦ Went on Strike in 1919, Calvin Coolidge spoke out against the strike  Steel and Coal Strikes ◦ Steel: Brought in African American workers-called off the strike ◦ Coal: govt. establish commission  Strikes decline ◦ Most Americans opposed strikes (radicals) ◦ Membership dropped in 1920s

 Get back to “normalcy”  Showed poor judgement in many appointments (led to Teapot Dome Scandal)  Foreign Policy ◦ Isolationism ◦ Disarmament ◦ Fordney-McCumber Tariff ◦ Dawes plan (payment schedule)  Domestic Policy ◦ Patriotism, Religion, Urban conditions, jobs, & red scare. ◦ Immigration quotas

 Laissez Faire ◦ Helped fuel the economic boom ◦ Lowered income and inheritance tax rates  Kellogg-Briand Pact ◦ 15 nations ◦ will not use the threat of war  Election of 1928 ◦ Reflected a urban-rural split in the nation ◦ Herbert Hoover vs. Alfred Smith

 The Red Scare  Labor Strikes  Republican Leadership  The Coolidge Presidency  The Election of 1928

 A) encouraging immigration.  B) raising taxes  C) increasing the power of government.  D) interfering as little as possible with business.

 A) a sharp increase in government spending.  B) a laissez-faire approach to business and a minimal role for government.  C) corruption and scandal from misguided presidential appointments.  D) economic instability.

 A) President Warren G. Harding was assassinated.  B) Lenin's Bolsheviks overthrew the Russian government.  C) Sacco and Vanzetti were executed for murder.  D) A series of U.S. labor strikes began.

 A) government control of farms, industries, land, and transportation.  B) private property and individual freedoms.  C) a return to "normalcy."  D) the conviction of Sacco and Vanzetti.

 A) approval of citizenship to an immigrant.  B) law that defines the requirements of U.S. citizenship.  C) denial of citizenship to an immigrant.  D) numerical limit on immigration from certain ethnic groups

 A) Communists.  B) the shortage of workers  C) high rent.  D) Republicans

 In the 1920s, Congress supported a laissez- faire approach to business.

 Under the Kellogg-Briand Pact, 15 nations pledged to use the threat of war in their dealings with one another.

 President Harding supported disarmament, a program in which the nations of the world would voluntarily give up their weapons.

 In 1917, Justice Oliver Wendell Homes Jr. stated that the government is justified in silencing free speech when there is a “clear and present danger” to the nation.