5D England Control of the colonies

French and Indian War When did it happen ? Why did it begin? Who was involved? How did it end?

French and Indian War French and Indians vs England England wins France gives up land England controls land in North America

Great Britain

Colonies Relationship with England

5d How did (England)Great Britain impose political and economic control over the colonies?

How did Great Britain use economic control over the colonies? 1. Trade control over trade. The colonies traded raw materials for goods made in Great Britain. 2. Taxes taxed the colonies after the French and Indian War.

How did Great Britain impose political control over the colonies? Laws Colonists had to obey British laws, which were enforced by governors. Colonial governors were appointed by the king. A colonial legislature made laws for each colony but was monitored by the colonial governor.

5d How did Great Britain impose control over the colonies? political – laws and legislature and economic – trade and taxes

STANDARD USI.6a 1. What steps did Great Britain take to increase control over its colonies? 2. Why did many colonists become dissatisfied with Great Britain’s control over the colonies?

Why Great Britain’s wanted to control the colonies…. 1. Great Britain desired to remain a world power.

Why Great Britain’s wanted to control the colonies…. 1. Great Britain wanted to remain a world power Great Britain’s wanted more power More land = more power Great Britain’s wanted more power fought France to get more land which resulted in the French and Indian War.

How Great Britain controled the colonies Great Britain imposed taxes, such as the Stamp Act, to raise necessary revenue to pay the cost of the French and Indian War. To pay the cost of maintaining British Troops

Stamp Act Tax on all printed documents ex. newspapers

Great Britain’s reasons for taxation Cost of French and Indian War To help finance the maintenance of British troops in the colonies

Sources of colonial dissatisfaction 1. The colonies had no representation in Parliament. 2. Some colonists resented the power of the colonial governors. 3. Great Britain wanted strict control over colonial legislatures. 4. The colonies opposed the British taxes. 5. The Proclamation of l763, which followed the French and Indian War, restricted the western movement of settlers.

Sources of colonial dissatisfaction The colonies had no representation in Parliament.

Sources of colonial dissatisfaction Some colonists resented the power of the colonial governors.

Sources of colonial dissatisfaction Great Britain wanted strict control over colonial legislatures.

Sources of colonial dissatisfaction The colonies opposed the British taxes.

Sources of colonial dissatisfaction The Proclamation of l763, which followed the French and Indian War, restricted the western movement of settlers.

Proclamation of 1763

SUMMARY 6A

Reasons to fight the Revolutionary War England Wanted control England Taxes Colonies Colonial Anger  Remain a World Power  King appointed governors (total control)  Made all of the laws for colonies  Pay for French & Indian War  Stamp Act  Paid for the soldiers in the colonies  No Representation in Parliament  Must obey English laws  Opposed taxes  Proclamation of 1763 stopped western settlement

English wanted control of everything England wanted to remain the most powerful country in the world The King appointed governors to run the colonies Colonial legislators made the laws for the colony and the governor made sure they were acceptable

Why the colonies were taxed England paid for the French and Indian War Passed the Stamp Act (a tax on printed materials, did not work) Paid to have soldiers living in the colonies

Why the Colonists were so ANGRY!!!! No Representation in the English Parliament They had to obey all English laws Opposed all taxes they could not vote on Proclamation of 1763 stopped western settlement

IDEAS 6b Declaration of Independence

Idea’s WRITTEN IN The Declaration of Independence USI.6B Declaration of Independence July 4, 1776 Key philosophies of the Declaration of Independence were based upon ideas first expressed by European Philosophers _____________________ have “certain _______________ rights” ( rights that cannot be taken away) – to _________, _______, and the pursuit of ___________________. People __________ government to ________ those ________ Government ______________ (gets) power from the ___________ ( WE RUN THE SHOW!!!) People have a _________________ and DUTY to _________________ a government that ____________ their rights!

UNALIENABLE RIGHTS JOHN LOCKE & THOMAS PAINE Idea’s of Thomas Paine Definition: Ideas of John Locke: Explain in YOUR own WORDS: Example(s): Picture/Sketch:

The American Revolution The war began in 1775 (Before the Declaration of Independence) There were three groups of Colonists during the war 1. Patriots; I WANT INDEPENDENCE! 2. Loyalists; GO KING! 3. People who Didn’t care one way or the other The Declaration of Independence was written to…. Complain to the King Declare our Freedom from the King

Patriots v. Loyalists Patriots Believed in complete independence from England Inspired by the ideas of Locke and Paine and the words of Virginian Patrick Henry (“Give me liberty, or give me death!”) Provided the troops for the American Army, led by George Washington, also of Virginia Loyalists (Tories) Remained loyal to Britain, based on cultural and economic ties Believed that taxation of the colonies was justified to pay for British troops to protect American settlers from Indian attacks

Who influenced our Declaration of Independence? Two European Philosopher’s (From England) Believed that individuals should have rights Didn’t like powerful government John Locke

John Locke and Thomas Paine People have Natural Rights Government power is limited If the government is doing something wrong, the people have the right to get rid of it Wrote a book called COMMON SENSE Challenged the rule of the colonies by the King Believed that a well informed people could run their government better than any King

The Declaration of Independence The eventual draft of the Declaration of Independence, authored by Thomas Jefferson of Virginia, reflected the ideas of Locke and Paine: “We hold these truths to be self evident…” “That to secure these rights…” “That whenever any form of government becomes destructive…” Grievances against the king

Declaration of Independence July 4, 1776 Declaration of Independence People have “certain unalienable rights” (Rights that cannot be taken away – to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. People Establish government to protect those rights Government derives (gets) power from the people (WE RUN THE SHOW!!!!) People have a RIGHT and DUTY to change a government that violates their rights!

Unalienable Rights LIFE LIBERTY PURSUIT OF HAPPINESS

Ideas in the Declaration of Independence

KEY PEOPLE DURING THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR 6c

Key People during the Revolutionary War Person British or American Contribution to the Revolution (How they helped) 1. King George III 2. Lord Cornwallis 3. George Washington 4. John Adams 5. Thomas Jefferson 6. Patrick Henry 7. Ben Franklin 8. Phillis Wheatley 9. Paul Revere

1. King George III 2. George Washington 3. Patrick Henry 4. Samuel Adams 5. John Adams 6. Thomas Jefferson Person British or American Contribution to the Revolution (How they helped)

6. Thomas Paine 7. Ben Franklin 8. Paul Revere 9. Lord Cornwallis 11. Betsy Ross 12.Phillis Wheatley Person British or American Contribution to the Revolution (How they helped)

King George III King during the Revolutionary War Hated the colonists for daring to declare independence None as the “Mad King” or “King who lost America

George Washington Commander of the Continental Army

House of Burgesses Remember when we were talking about how the Governor made all of the laws in the colonies? Each colony also had a Legislature (write laws for colonies) The colonists could elect their own people, but they had ZERO power (Governor overruled them if he wasn’t happy) Created by the King

Meanwhile in the colonies A young Gentleman by the name of Patrick Henry ran for the House of Burgesses He was an impassioned Patriot His famous line “GIVE ME LIBERTY OR GIVE ME DEATH!!!” On-4A

Patrick Henry - Colonist GIVE ME LIBERTY OR GIVE ME DEATH!!!”

Samuel Adams – Sons of Liberty Cousin of John Adams Boston tea Party Delegate to the Continental Congress Signed the Declaration of Independence

John Adams - Wanted Independence form England Delegate to the Continental Congress Signed the Declaration of Independence

Thomas Jefferson Major author of the Declaration of Independence July 4, 1776

Thomas Paine Author of Common Sense Inspired the colonist to, declare independence from Britain.

Benjamin Franklin -----inventor

Benjamin Franklin ---leader Prominent member of the Continental Congress; Helped frame the Declaration of Independence;

Benjamin Franklin -----diplomat Convinced France to join the colonists side against England during the Revolution

Paul Revere Patriot who made a daring ride to warn colonists of British arrival Hang a lantern in the Old North Church one if by land, two if by sea… “The British are Coming ”

Lord Cornwallis British general who surrendered at Yorktown

Betsy Ross On June 14, 1777, the Continental Congress, seeking to promote national pride and unity, adopted the national flag. "Resolved: that the flag of the United States be thirteen stripes, alternate red and white; that the union be thirteen stars, white in a blue field, representing a new constellation."

Phillis Wheatley African American Slave who wrote poems and plays supporting American independence and who eventually gained her freedom

Key People during the Revolutionary War Person British or American Contribution to the Revolution (How they helped) 1. King George III England- King of Britain during the Revolution 2. Lord Cornwallis EnglandBritish General who surrendered at Yorktown 3. George Washington AmericaCommander of the Continental Army 4. John Adams AmericaBelieved in Independence and convinced other people 5. Thomas Jefferson AmericaWrote the Declaration of Independence 6. Patrick Henry AmericaMember of the House of Burgesses Inspired Patriotism. “GIVE ME LIBERTY OR GIVE ME DEATH!!!” 7. Ben Franklin America1. Member of the Continental Congress 2. Convinced the French to help out America 8. Phillis Wheatley America1. Slave that wrote poems and plays supporting Independence 2. Eventually freed 9. Paul Revere AmericaPatriot that warned colonists the British were coming

Who are these people?

EVENTS LEADING TO WAR

1754 French and Indian War French and Indians vs England England wins France gives up land England controls land in North America

1765 Stamp Act Tax on printed materials

1767 Townshend Acts Taxes on glass, paint, oil, lead, paper, and tea Angered the colonist

Notes: Boston Massacre/Boston Tea Party Read + Discussion BM Video: BTP Video:

1770 Boston Massacre

What sparked the Revolution The Boston Massacre March 5, 1770 Boston colonists were protesting against the British What happened is the soldiers opened fire, killing 5 and wounding 6

1773 Boston Tea Party Sons of Liberty Led by Samuel Adams and Paul Revere Patriots dumped tea into Boston Harbor to protest tea taxes.

ARGH!!!! I HATE TAXES SO MUCH I think I’ll dress like an Indian and throw a bunch of tea into the harbor!!!!! Date: Dec. 16, 1773 Samuel Adams and Paul Revere were angry about Tea Taxes They and a bunch of men, snuck onto a ship in the middle of the night, and threw the tea into the harbor

Point of View British American Colonists

st Continental Congress

First Continental Congress-1774 Delegates met from all colonies (not Georgia) Discuss problems with England Talk about Independence Important People Present

Key Events during the Revolutionary War EventSignificance (Why it is important) 1. Boston Massacre Colonists in Boston were shot after taunting British Soldiers 2. Boston Tea Party Samuel Adams and Paul Revere led Patriots in throwing tea into Boston Harbor to protest Tea taxes 3. First Continental Congress Delegates met from all colonies (not Georgia) Discuss problems with England Talk about Independence 4. Battles at Lexington & Concord 5. Approval of Declaration of Independence 6. Battle of Saratoga 7.Surrender at Yorktown 8. Treaty of Paris

Warm UP What do you know about what happened in these two pictures?

REVOLUTIONARY WAR

Lexington and Concord-1775 “Shot heard around the world” First armed conflict during the Revolution

April 19, 1775 Lexington and Concord

May 10, 1775 Second Continental Congress

June 17, 1775 Bunker Hill

July 2, 1776 Declaration of Independence

Declaration of Independence July 4, 1776 Colonies declared independence Written by Thomas Jefferson Big Ideas Unalienable Rights Government protects you Government gets power from people Right and duty to change the government

July 2, 1776 Declaration of Independence

December 25, 1776 Washington crossing the Delaware

Warm Up What important ideas are represented in these pictures?

Battle of Saratoga The Turning Point in the Revolution American Victory! France decides to join our side

October 1777 Battle of Saratoga

December 19, 1777 Valley Forge

August 1781 Battle of Yorktown – last battle of the war

French ships blockade British troops

Battle of Yorktown The last battle of the war Lord Cornwallis is forced to surrender to Washington

1783 Treaty of Paris Treaty ended the American Revolution and made England recognize that the United States was independent

Treaty of Paris 2 years after the war. English representatives met with Ben Franklin and others in Paris, France Agreed to end the war Recognize American Independence

Key Events during the Revolutionary War EventSignificance (Why it is important) 1. Boston Massacre Colonists in Boston were shot after taunting British Soldiers 2. Boston Tea Party Samuel Adams and Paul Revere led Patriots in throwing tea into Boston Harbor to protest Tea taxes 3. First Continental Congress 1.Delegates (Representatives) from all colonies but Georgia met in Philadelphia 2. Discussed problems with King and independence 4. Battles at Lexington & Concord The First armed battle of the Revolution 5. Approval of Declaration of Independence July 4 th Battle of Saratoga 1.America victory 2.Turning Point of the war (France joins us) 7.Surrender at Yorktown 1. America wins when Lord Cornwallis surrenders 2. End of the Revolution 8. Treaty of Paris Signed by England, officially recognizes that America is independent

Warm Up What treaty ended the American Revolution and made England recognize that the United States was independent?

Why were we able to win? (You need to turn to page 264) Support from France Strong Leadership! Defense of our own land (home field advantage) Patriotism