Civilisation des Etats-Unis 10a: Progressive Era Prof. Sämi LUDWIG.

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Presentation transcript:

Civilisation des Etats-Unis 10a: Progressive Era Prof. Sämi LUDWIG

American Imperialism < Manifest Destiny William H. Seward, Secretary of State under Lincoln and Johnson: “Give me … fifty, forty, thirty more years of life … and I will give you possession of the American continent and control of the world.” Alaska bought for $7’200’ Midway Islands - Captain Alfred Mahan’s The Influence of Sea Power Upon History (1890) Teddy Roosevelt dissertation - New York Sun (yellow press) → agitates for annexation of Cuba - President Cleveland’s redefinition of Monroe Doctrine unofficial alliance with Royal Navy

1885 Josiah Strong (sociologist) wants to impose “peculiarly aggressive traits” of Anglo-Saxon civilization “upon Mexico, down upon Mexico and South America, out upon the islands of the seas, over upon Africa and beyond.” → racism?

Hawaii by 1887 natives disenfranchised 1890 McKinley Tariff (American business) 1892 Queen Liliuokalani abrogates white political privileges 1893 overthrown, negotiate annexation 1898 useful pacific navy base (Pearl Harbor) - fief of American corporations

Spanish-American War (1898) - Spanish general Valeriano “Butcher” Weyler concentration camps, 200’000 deaths - William Hearst: “You furnish the pictures and I’ll furnish the war.” liberate Cuba commercial interests → “yellow press” Protestant missionaries - Havana Harbor incident 1898 “Remember the Maine”

28’000 soldiers: 450 lost in battle 5200 from yellow fever John Hay: “It has been a splendid little war.” TR’s “Rough Riders” Battle of San Juan Hill

Philippines Commodore George Dewey in Manila Bay Filipino resistance until 1902 Americanized in schools - Guam - Puerto Rico overpopulation 1898 Treaty of Paris

“Open Door” policy trade with China 1900 subdue Boxer rebellion ant. conflict with Japan TR’s respect for Japan Russo-Japanese War Japanese invasion of Manchuria 1905 secret recognition of Korean occupation (trade on Philippines) 1906 San Francisco Board of education diplomatic incident 1907 Gentlemen’s Agreement families can enter AJA = Association of Japanese Americans

Panama French company: $40 million for rights to build canal TR: Columbian “dagos” 1903 Panamanian Revolution 3 days: recognize new republic and get contract 1914 Panama Canal opens ≠ Cape Horn

“Dollar Diplomacy” private money to support American investors ultra-conservative dictatorships “banana republics” - Caribbean William Jennings Bryan: “... make the Caribbean sea an American lake.” e.g., Dominican protectorate (Haiti)

Mexico poor, corruption, Hearst press 1914 Pancho Villa supported, but crushed by Mexican reformer Venustiano Carranza 1916 Villa kills 18 U.S. engineers in Northern Mexico General John J. Pershing interferes