American Imperialism Late 1800’s to early 1900’s Speak softly but carry a big stick

Example: European Imperialism

Imperialism – To dominate or control another country – this includes with political and economic means Annex – to add to territory

Alaska Purchased from the Czar of Russia in 1867 for $7 million Beginning of America’s move to fulfill its Manifest Destiny within the world

US Imperialism during late Industrial Revolution To create markets for American industry To gain raw materials for production To gain territory for naval bases To influence Southern hemisphere nations To spread democracy and free enterprise To expand American culture (Manifest Destiny)

Great White Fleet Fleet sent around world to show off America’s new power What could be the consequences of this fleet?

Hawaii 1893 –Taken over by American businessmen in the name of good intentions for the people –Officially annexed in 1898 –True reason is military importance in Pacific Ocean (Pearl Harbor) –Also desired by America for ability to grow sugar cane –Does not become a state until 1950’s

USS Maine blows up in Havana Harbor, Cuba February 15 th, sailors killed

“Yellow Journalism” & Jingoism Joseph Pulitzer William Randolph Hearst Hearst to Frederick Remington: You furnish the pictures, and I’ll furnish the war!

Spanish-American War 1898 War between America and Spain over the treatment of Cuba and potential territory USS Maine blows up, causes war Easy naval battles for America, tougher battles on land Makes Teddy Roosevelt Presidential candidate

Results of the Spanish-American War The US keeps Philippines Islands for their strategic military value Cuba is given its freedom with US supervision Gain Puerto Rico officially Ugly war in Philippine Islands

Find three points each cartoon tries to make

Philippine-American War Filipinos wanted freedom from Spain and then the US after they took over after the Spanish-American War A very cruel war with many atrocities committed by American soldiers American soldier in Philippine war: “ am in my glory when I can sight my gun on some dark skin and pull the trigger.”

Anti-Imperialism People who felt that American expansionism was “un-American” Offered to reimburse US Gov’t the $20 million paid for Philippines for their freedom. McKinley refused. I am an anti-imperialist. I am opposed to having the eagle put its talons on any other land. - quoted in A Pen Warmed Up in Hell Andrew Carnegie Mark Twain

China – Open Door Policy The US, Japan, and several European countries force China to trade with them Result – Boxer Rebellion 1900 Foreign armies suppress the rebellion and continue forced trade

Panama and the Canal 1904 Created country through use of US military control (threat) of Columbia All done to create the Panama Canal to benefit America’s Navy

The Panama Canal can cut a 13,000 mile journey into just a 5,000 mile journey from the East Coast to the West Coast USA

America as a Pacific Power Henry Cabot Lodge quote: “it is as old as our steady progress toward national power – yes, as old as the varying movements of civilization itself… The mastery of that great ocean [the Pacific] in the future is to be ours.”

U. S. Global Investments & Investments in Latin America, 1914

U. S. Interventions in Latin America: s

Cuba Occupations – – –1912 – –We took over after the Spanish-American War, but gave them their freedom with the US as “big brother”

Dominican Republic Occupation – – –All for non-payment of debts

Chile Nicaragua 1903 –Sent in US Marines for non-payment of debts to American corporations 1912 –Marines invaded to prevent canal building

Puerto Rico 1898 –Became a territory of the United States after the Spanish-American War –Remains our protectorate today

Military Expedition to Mexico US Army “invades” Mexico chasing notorious outlaw Poncho Villa who had raided Texas towns Mexico in the middle of civil war over control of the country Eventually left without catching him to fight in World War I