Ch. 1 – Functions and Their Graphs 1.4 – Shifting, Reflecting, and Sketching Graphs
Graphs of Common Functions Below are 6 common functions. They are in their most basic, or parent, form. Constant Function f(x) = c Linear Function f(x) = x Absolute Value Function f(x) = |x|
Graphs of Common Functions Square Root Function Quadratic Function f(x) = x 2 Cubic Function f(x) = x 3
Graphs of Common Functions Types of rigid transformations: ▫Vertical shift (moves c units up) h(x) = f(x) + c ▫Horizontal shift (c units to the right) h(x) = f(x – c) ▫Reflection across the x-axis h(x) = -f(x) ▫Reflection across the y-axis h(x) = f(-x)
Graphs of Common Functions Types of nonrigid transformations: Stretch/Shrink ▫h(x) = cf(x) ▫If |c |>1, then the graph is stretched by a factor of c ▫If |c |<1, then the graph is shrunk by a factor of c
When transforming a graph, start with the parent function and work inside out (OOO!) Ex: Graph the function y = (x – 2) ▫ Parent function is y = x 2 ▫ First thing done to the x: –2 (a horizontal shift 2 units to the right) ▫ Next thing done to the x: +1 (a vertical shift 1 unit up) ▫ That’s it!
Ex: Graph the function y = -2(x + 1) 3 ▫ Parent function is y = x 3 ▫ First thing done to the x: +1 (a horizontal shift 1 unit to the left) ▫ Next thing done to the x: 2 (a vertical stretch 2 units) ▫ Last thing: the negative (flip the whole graph across the x-axis)
What function is graphed below?
What function is graphed below?