Fabiola Rondón Cristina Suárez Freddy Lugo Arch Fabiola Rondón Cristina Suárez Freddy Lugo

Arch in Architecture History of the Arch Arch Nowadays Arch's Parts Advantages Disadvantages Arch Types

History of the arch Arch has been adapted by different cultures in many many times The romans were the first to use it in monumental achitercure First origins found in mesopotamia Known in ancient egipt Introduced in the roman empire Perfectioned by the etruscans The arch developed from the post and lintel or possibly the corbel In some ocations, arch was used to represent a victory and an entry at the same time

History of the arch An example of architecture in which arch was used is the colliseum, Almost every opening or span in the colliseum is arch shaped the Triumphal Arch and it is poignant to see how this symbol of power on earth was transformed and utilised within the Christian basilicas

Arch nowadays The Gateway Arch in Saint Louis, Missouri; a sculpture based on a catenary arch The Second Wembley Stadium, in London, built in 2007 the arch was used as a structural element Several arches at the Casa Simón Bolívar in Havana, Cuba

Arch's Parts Keystone - The voussoir which is placed at the crown of an arch. Rise - The vertical height of the bottom of the keystone above the plane of the skewbacks. Haunch - That portion of an arch which is between the crown and the skewback. Voussoirs - The separate stones forming an arch ring. Crown - The highest part of an arch ring. Extrados - The upper or outer surfaces of the voussoirs which compose the arch ring. Springer - The first arch stone above a skewback. Intrados - The inner or lower surface of an arch. Skewbacks - The top course of stones on the abutments. Springing Line - The upper (and inner) edge of the line of skew-backs on an abutment.

Disadvantages This form creates problems of equilibrium that do not exist in lintels Relative to modern alternatives, such arch bridges are very heavy, requiring extensive foundations. They are also expensive to build wherever labor costs are high. Advantages Traditional masonry arches are generally durable. An arch bridge is an economical way to traverse small distances and is able to cope with bending forces. The entire arch is in compression. The compression is transferred into the abutments, and ultimately resisted by tension in the ground under the arch. The absence of tension in the arch means that it can sustain much greater spans than beams can achieve, and it can use materials that are not strong in tension.

Arch Types Flat Roman Segmental Morrish Lancet Tudor

Other Types Blind Arch - A blind arch is an arch infilled with solid construction so it cannot function as a window or door. Natural Arch - Natural rock formations may also be referred to as arches. These natural arches are formed by erosion rather than being carved or constructed by man. Triumphal Arch - A special form of the arch is the triumphal arch, usually built to celebrate a victory in war.

A Roman arch is a strong, rounded arch that forms a semi-circle.

A Syrian, or segmental, arch forms a partial curve, or eyebrow, over a door or window. This arch has a slight rise and is semi-elliptical across the top.

A narrow, pointed opening is the hallmark of a Gothic arch A narrow, pointed opening is the hallmark of a Gothic arch. The Gothic arch developed as a more sinuous and elegant successor to the Roman arch.

A Flat arch, also known as jack or straight arch, extends straight across an opening with no curvature, creating a horizontal emphasis.

A Moorish arch, extends beyond a semi-circle A Moorish arch, extends beyond a semi-circle. The top of the arch is rounded and then curves in slightly before descending.

Tudor arches are often described as flattened Gothic arches Tudor arches are often described as flattened Gothic arches. They feature a point at the crown, but the span is much wider than the Gothic style.

Blind Arch

Natural Arch

Triumphal Arch