© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter Ten: Understand Cornerstone: Creating Success through Positive Change 6 th edition Robert M. Sherfield & Patricia G. Moody This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law: any public performance or display including transmission of any image over a network; preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images; any rental, lease, or lending of the program.

© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Did You Know… If your brain was fed ten new pieces of information every second for the rest of your life, you would not even fill half of your memory capacity? … so how do we tap into our amazing memories?

© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Facts about Memory Everyone remembers and forgets info. Your senses take in info. With little effort you can remember some info. With rehearsal (study) you can remember more Without use, info. is forgotten Filing incoming info. correctly will help retain it Stored info. must have a retrieval method Mnemonics, repetition, association, and rehearsal will help with storage and retrieval

© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Sensory Memory Information gathered from five senses Huge capacity Short duration – 1 to 3 seconds Concentrating on information in sensory memory will move it to your short-term memory

© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Short-term Memory Also called “working memory” Holds information for short period of time Holds limited amount of information Five to nine separate pieces or facts Rehearing information in STM will move it to your long-term memory

© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Long-Term Memory Huge capacity: Info. you have heard or seen often Info. you use often Info. you have deemed necessary or important Like a computer disk with many files Effort and memory techniques will help you store anything you want to remember

© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. VCR3 Memory Technique V – Visualizing C – Concentrating R – Relating R – Repeating R – Reviewing

© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Memorizing v. Knowing Memorizing something is short-lived Knowing is making a commitment to owning the information, to making it a part of your life

© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Mnemonics Mnemosyne – Greek Goddess of Memory Memory techniques or tricks “bizarreness effect” helps with memory

© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Types of Mnemonics Jingles/rhymes ABC’s Sentences Please Excuse My Dear Aunt Sally Words HOMES

© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Types of Mnemonics Story lines Weave details into a creative story Acronyms SCUBA (self-contained underwater breathing apparatus) Pegging Attaching new info. to old pegs

© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Avoid Cramming Study each day to avoid last-minute stress Form a study group with motivated students Keep up with daily reading and homework

© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Studying in a Crunch Depressurize Know the score Read it quick – H2FLIB Make connections Use your syllabus/study guide See it Check your notes Choose wisely

© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. ReducingTest Anxiety Control negative self-talk Study daily and overlearn the material Arrive early and prepared for test Jot down your mnemonics right away Read instructions and entire test carefully Answer questions you know first

© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Be Testwise! What types and how many questions? What chapters/sections will be covered? Is there a time limit? Are there any special instructions? Is there a study sheet? Is there a review session? What is the grade value of the test?

© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Types of Responses Quick-time response: you immediately know the answer, so respond Lag-time response: move on and the answer may come to you later No response: move on and make an intelligent guess later

© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Common Question Types Matching True-False Multiple-Choice Short Answer Essay

© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter Reflections Study hardest material first Review lecture and textbook notes frequently Use mnemonics Learn using a variety of techniques Be testwise Review entire test before beginning Ignore pace of classmates Be aware of the time while testing