National & Regional Growth ( ) Early Industry and Inventions

Read p. 339, “Interact with History.” What is the painting about on p. 338? ___the movement of goods along the Erie Canal______ What were the inventions that are part of the picture on p. 339? __rotary printing press, steam locomotive, steamboat, & telegraph_________________ What effect would it have on the nation to be able to communicate and travel more quickly? ___People could stay in touch with each other after moving to different parts of the country; people would know what was happening in other parts of the country and they would feel more “connected” to one another

See Timeline, p The timeline represents events during what period of time? _44 years— ____ Identify the events that made it easier to communicate and travel over long distances and note when each occurred. 1. _steamboat ________1807_______ 2. _Erie Canal_________1825_____ 3. _telegraph line______1844_____ Identify the events involving slavery. 1._Congress bans African slave trade_________ 2._Missouri Compromise balances # of slave and free states 3._Nat Turner’s slave rebellion____________________ 4._Slavery is abolished in the British Empire

Identify which events occurring in the world might worry Americans and state why. 1._Mexico gains independence from Spain---we share a common border 2._Slavery is abolished in the British Empire---many in U.S. want to keep slavery _ Read pg. 340 “Previewing the Theme.” 1. What is the theme for this chapter?” __Science & Technology_ 2. How did new inventions affect our country? helped regions to grow in the 1800s and helped to pull the regions together as a nation

3.What three regions of the country are mentioned here, and what economic activity is each region involved in? Main Idea: _The way that people lived and worked in the late 1700s and early 1800s was changed by the invention of new machines and the factory system. Why It Matters Now: __This start to our industrial growth as a nation is still continuing today._ 3.djdjdjdjdjdjdjdjdjdjdjd RegionEconomic Activity a.NortheastFactories b.SouthCotton plantations c.MidwestFarms—grow food

One American’s Story 1. Why was it illegal for textile workers to leave England? __Britain did not want any other nations to copy its new machines for making cloth and thread. 2.What is Samuel Slater given credit for building in America? __the first successful water-powered textile mill A. The Industrial Revolution Begins 1. What event created the right opportunity for the Industrial Revolution to begin? _The War of 1812 __(we didn’t trade anymore w/Britain—had to make our own stuff)_ 2. Industrial Revolution: _factory machines replaced hand tools; large-scale manufacturing replaced farming as the main form of work___

3. How did the invention of machines affect the type of work-force needed for some industries? workers did not have to be skilled— even children could do sometimes run the machines__ 4. How did the use of machines affect the rate of the production of cloth? _made it quicker___ 5. factory system: workers and machines are put together in a building_ Where were factories built? __water_________________ Why? _water was a source of power________________ Who worked there? _farmers who moved to cities to find a job__ 6.The War of 1812 led to the Industrial Revolution: a. Americans had to start manufacturing their own goods; (no imports--British blockade)__ b. Investors put money into building American industries rather than shipping and trade__

B. Factories Come to New England 1. New England was a good place to set up factories: a. had rivers to serve as a source of water to power the factories__ b. access to ocean allowed easy transportation of the goods they made___ c. a willing labor force—people couldn’t make a living farming so they worked in factories 2. At first, Samuel Slater hired _children_______ to work in his mills. 3. Later, he hired __whole families______________.

C.The Lowell Mills Hire Women 1. What did Lowell produce at his mill? __yarn & cloth___ 2. What new technology did he use? ___power looms_______ 3. Who did Lowell hire to work for him? __farm girls____________ 4. What was different about factories built after the 1830’s? factories were run by steam engines rather than water power; these factories could be built anywhere ______________

D. A New Way to Manufacture 1.Before Eli Whitney, how were guns made? _one gun at a time— from start to finish by the same gunsmith_______ 2. interchangeable parts: __parts that are exactly alike_________ Benefits of interchangeable parts: a. _speeded up production__________________________ b. _made repairs easy__________________________ c. _workers did not need to have special skills; (because of less skill, they were paid less $$)_ Why might workers not like the concept of interchangeable parts? workers would have less freedom—inspectors would watch what they made to make all pieces made were the same & paid less money!

E. Moving People, Goods, and Messages 1. New inventions improved transportation & communication. 2. Robert B. Fulton: invented a steam boat--could move against the current or strong wind_ 3. Henry Miller Shreve more powerful steam engine on double-decker boat w/paddle wheel 4. Samuel F. B. Morse: _telegraph that sent long and short pulses of electricity along a wire 5. What was developed in 1844? _first long-distanced telegraph_ What news did it carry? __news about who had been nominated for president___________

Drawing Conclusions: How would the telegraph and the steamboat bring more national unity? communicate with people in other regions would allow individuals to know what was happening AROUND THE COUNTRY. You could maintain relationships with families and friends that have moved away, and New ideas about social and/or political issues could spread. to travel back and forth across the country would allow people to stay more connected to each other—creating a sense of unity across the country.

F. Technology Improves Farming Fill-in the following table: INVENTORINVENTIONWHY WAS THIS SIGNIFICANT JOHN DEERELIGHTWEIGHT PLOW W/A STEEL CUTTING EDGE The soil of the Midwest had more clay and the old-style plows were ineffective. This plow made work easier for the farmers. CYRUS McCORMICKREAPER Cut ripe grain and separated kernels of wheat from the husks.

Draw a picture to represent the U.S. regions that were connected by technology. Be sure to include the products that would have moved between regions. Which region was the “least” connected to the other regions? The South Midwest Farms Northeast Southern Plantations Manufactured Goods Food Cotton sent to textile mills