1 NUTRIENTS

2 NUTRIENTS Substances in food that helps with body processes, helps with growth and repair of cells, and provides energy

3 CALORIE Unit of energy produced by food and used by the body BASICALLY, it’s our body’s fuel!

4 Proteins Source of energy 4 calories /gram Needed for growth, for building, repairing and maintaining body tissues Skin, hair & nails-mostly proteins Amino Acids: building blocks that make up protein –Body needs 20 to function properly –Body produces on 11 –Essential amino acids: 9 that the body does not produce- must come from food Complete: contains all essential amino acids Incomplete: Does not contain all amino acids

5 Fats Source of energy: 9 calories per gram Helps body store and use vitamins Needs fats to maintain body heat, store and use vitamins, maintain an energy reserve and build brain cells Two Types: Saturated & Unsaturated Saturated: Comes from dairy products, solid vegetable fat, meat & poultry Cholesterol: fatlike substance made by body and found in animal products- LDL: bad Unsaturated: comes from plant products and fish

6 CARBOHYDRATES Source of energy: 4 calories per gram Main source of energy for body Includes sugars, starches and fiber Two types: Simple & Complex Complex –Starch: provide long-lasting energy –Fiber: help with digestion Simple –Sugars that enter the blood stream quickly

7 Vitamins Nutrient that helps the body use carbohydrates, proteins and fats Two Types: Fat-Soluble & Water- Soluble Fat Soluble: dissolves in fat, can be stored in the body…ex. A, D, E, K Water Soluble: dissolves in water, can NOT be stored in the body… ex. B complex & C ex. B complex & C

8 Minerals Nutrient that regulates many chemical reactions in the body Two Types: Macro & Trace Macro: >100mg, ex. Calcium & sodium Trace: <100mg, ex. Iron & Zinc Both just as important Calcium: builds strong bones & teeth, maintains bone strength

9 Water Nutrient that is involved with all body processes, makes up the basic part of the blood, helps remove waste, regulates body temperature Makes up more than 60% of body mass Can live for 3 days or less without it Drink at least 6-8 glasses a day Dehydration: water content of body falls to low level Dehydrated before you feel thirsty

10 Nutrient Percentages Fat: < 30% Carbohydrates: 60% Proteins: 10%

11 Calculate the number of calories consumed…….. A person ate 65 grams of fat, 46 grams of protein and 289 grams of carbohydrates in one day. How many calories did this person consume? 1925 calories