Catalyst (broken clay pot or aluminium oxide (Al 2 O 3 ) Decane (what is the formula?______________) water.

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Catalyst (broken clay pot or aluminium oxide (Al 2 O 3 ) Decane (what is the formula?______________) water

Decane (what is the formula?______________) What is the Structural formula - Draw in your jotter) H H C H H C H H C H H C H H C H H C H H C H H C H H C H H C H H

Decane Draw 4 isomers of decane H H C H H C H H C H H C H H C H H C H H C H H C H H C H H C H H c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c

When we “crack” DECANE what are the possible products formed? H H C H H C H H C H H C H H C H H C H H C H H C H H C H H C H H How do you prove you have formed these products? H C H H H C H H C H H C H H C H H c c H H H H C H H C H H C H H

Annapurna

Pentene CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH=CH 2 Alkenes Can be Hydrocarbons Saturated (Single Bonds) Can be Unsaturated (Double Bond) Ethene CH 2 =CH 2 Alkanes Cycloalkanes

Saturated or Unsaturated? H C H H C H H H C H H C H H CH 2 C C C H H H H H H H C H C H H C H H CH 2 CHCH 3 Saturated Saturated Saturated Unsaturated Unsaturated

Bromine Water H C H C H H C H H Br Double Bonds Undergo Addition Reactions In Addition Reactions The double bond Breaks and bromine atoms are added to both sides of the double bond

Addition of Hydrogen (H 2 ) H C H C H H C H H H H The double bond Breaks and Hydrogen atoms are added to both sides of the double bond Propene + HydrogenPropane

Alkenes into Alkanes Hexene + Hydrogen C 6 H 12 H2H2 + Hexane C 6 H 14 Now write this reactions using the Structural Formulae 1.

Alkenes into Alkanes Octene + Hydrogen Octane C 8 H 16 H2H2 + C 8 H 18 2.

Saturated? C2H6C2H6 C 4 H 10 C 20 H 42 C 10 H 20 C 15 H 30 C 8 H 18 C 7 H 14 C 60 H 122 C 11 H 22 ? ? ? ? C4H8C4H8 ? C4H8?C4H8?

Alkenes and Cycloalkanes Isomers from different Homologous Series C n H 2n Alkenes Cyclo- alkanes Unsaturated Saturated C4H8C4H8 C4H8C4H8

C4H8C4H8 CH 2 H C H H C H C H H C H H Butene Cyclobutane Unsaturated Saturated Reacts with Bromine Unreactive No Reaction with Bromine

C 5 H 10 ► Describe how you could find out, which test tube contained pentene and which test tube contained cyclopentane A B Pentene Cyclopentane ► Only Tube A decolourised bromine water.

Bromine Water ► Alkenes react with Bromine water. ► The bromine water changes from brown to clear. ► Tube A must contain Pentene Alkene Bromine Water Alkane

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