I. WHAT IS TEMPERATURE? We don’t use the terms hot and cold often in science because they are relative terms: They could mean different things depending.

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Presentation transcript:

I. WHAT IS TEMPERATURE? We don’t use the terms hot and cold often in science because they are relative terms: They could mean different things depending on what you are referring to A glass of warm water may seem hotter than an ice cube, but it is colder than a boiling pot of water Instead, we talk about an object’s temperature Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object

Temperature and Kinetic Energy All matter is made of atoms or molecules (combinations of atoms) The atoms and molecules are always moving Because they are moving they have kinetic energy (the energy of motion, remember??) The faster they move, the more kinetic energy the particles of an object have… And the higher the temperature of the object.

Temperature DOES NOT depend on how much of a substance you have For ex, a pot of tea and a cup of tea poured from that pot each have a different amount of tea, but their atoms have the same average kinetic energy.

I. TRANSFERRED THERMAL ENERGY 1. Heat is the energy transferred between objects that are at different temperatures. 2. When two objects at different temperatures come in contact, energy is always transferred from the object that has the higher temperature to the object that has the lower temperature.

HEAT AND THERMAL ENERGY 1. The form of energy transferred by heat is thermal energy. 2. Thermal energy is the total kinetic energy of the particles that make up a substance.

CONDUCTION, CONVECTION & RADIATION CONDUCTION, CONVECTION & RADIATION (3 Ways to Transfer Thermal Energy) Thermal conduction is the transfer of thermal energy from one substance to another by direct contact. Conduction can also occur within a substance, such as a spoon. Occurs when the particles of objects collide and make each other move faster

Convection 1. Convection is the transfer of thermal energy by the movement of a liquid or a gas. "HOW WATER BOILS" Water touching the bottom of a pan on a stove burner gets hot by conduction

Radiation 1. Radiation is the transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves. examples include visible light, infrared, UV 2. Unlike conduction and convection, radiation can involve either an energy transfer between particles of matter or an energy transfer across empty space. 3. All objects radiate EM waves examples include the sun, a heater, and you.