Gender Discrimination Alex Keefe & Orion Kimberlin

What Is It?  The U.S. Equal Opportunity Commission defines sex- based discrimination as the unfavorable treatment of an individual based on their sex.

Where Do We Stand?

A little history…  Before the end of the 19 th Century it was the common belief that women were to tend to domestic task such as maintaining a household and raising children.  Women were unable to own any property and had no legal claim to money they might have earned.  Educational and occupational opportunities were strictly limited toward women.

Landmark Legislation  19 th Amendment ratification.  Equal Pay Act of 1963  Civil Rights Act of 1964  Title VII of the Civil Rights Act  Title IX

19 th Amendment  Was first introduced in Congress in  41 years later the amendment was approved by Congress and sent to the states for ratification.  The amendment was ratified on August 18, 1920 as the culmination of the women’s suffrage movement that began in 1848, 72 years later.

Equal Pay Act of 1963  Signed into law by President John F. Kennedy on June 10,  Was an amendment to the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA).  Was one of the first federal anti-discrimination laws that addressed wage differences based on gender.

Civil Rights Act of 1964  Was first submitted by President John F. Kennedy in Following President Kennedy’s assassination, Martin Luther King Jr. and the newly inaugurated President Lyndon B. Johnson continued to fight for the bills passage.

Significance  Outlawed discrimination on the basis of:  Race  Religion  Sex  National Origin  Required equal access to public places and employment  Enforced desegregation of schools & right to vote

Title VII of the Civil Rights Act  Focuses on employment equal opportunity rights.  Forbids discrimination in all aspects of employment to include:  Hiring and firing  Compensation, assignment, or classification of employees  Transfer, promotion, layoff, or recall  Job advertisements

Title IX  Is a portion of the Education Amendments of  Signed into law by President Richard Nixon on June 23, 1972.

Results of Title IX?  Many individuals believe that Title IX only applies to athletics, however, that is only one of the ten key areas that are addressed in the law.  Access to higher education  Career education  Education for pregnant & parenting students

Guess this Athlete

Vicky Bullett  Hometown: Martinsburg, WV  One of the most decorated basketball players in history for the women’s basketball program at the University of Maryland.  Was selected for the 1988 & 1992 United States Olympic Teams which won gold and bronze medals.

Lawsuits in Sports  Cohen v. Brown University Cohen v. Brown University  Mercer v. Duke University Mercer v. Duke University  O'Connor v. Board of Education of School District 23 O'Connor v. Board of Education of School District 23

Prevention  Become familiar with all applicable antidiscrimination laws.  Develop discrimination and harassment policies that address sex discrimination including sex stereotyping, same sex harassment, family responsibility discrimination, pregnancy discrimination and Family and Medical Leave etc.

How to Investigate  Investigate promptly  Select an Investigator  Conduct Interviews & Review Evidence  Consider Confidentiality.  Prevent Retaliation  Document the Investigation  Take Appropriate Disciplinary Actions

Breaking The Boundaries: Discussion

Male Discrimination  Don’t Cry  Don't feel pain  Are not shy  Hit their women (wife or girlfriend)  Are not 'beautiful', but are 'smart'

Set the Standard

Discussion  Have you or anyone you know been a victim of gender discrimination?  What are ways we can prevent gender discrimination?  Have you heard of any reports in the media of gender discrimination?

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