Matter: States of Matter (Gas)

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Presentation transcript:

Matter: States of Matter (Gas)

3 States of Matter Solid Liquid Gas Plasma *** Gas- How can you determine the mass of air? Demo- Walking; Sugar & Water; Turbulence Tube http://www.chem.purdue.edu/gchelp/liquids/character.html http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/physics/states-of-matter.html http://www.middleschoolchemistry.com/multimedia/chapter2/lesson5

Gas Takes the shape and volume of the container Easily compressed

Gas Vs. Vapor Gas and vapor are often used interchangeably, but there is a difference!!

Gas Vs. Vapor Gas Substances that exist in the gaseous state at room temperature. Vapor A substance that is currently a gas, but normally is a liquid or solid at room temperature.

Gas Vs. Vapor Which is correct: “water gas”, or “water vapor”?

Kinetic refers to motion Gas Kinetic refers to motion Kinetic energy - energy an object has because of it’s motion Kinetic theory - tiny particles in all forms of matter are in constant motion!

Gas #1. Gas is composed of particles Small, hard spheres Insignificant volume; far apart from each other #2. Particles in a gas move rapidly in constant random motion #3. Collisions are perfectly elastic- meaning K.E. is transferred without loss from one particle to another

Kinetic Energy and Temperature Kinetic Energy is related to temperature. The faster something is moving, the higher the temperature, the higher the K.E. that particle has. Please rate the following from least to greatest amount of K.E. Steam Water Ice

Pressure Gas Pressure – Force (F) of a gas per unit surface area Due to: F of collisions # of collisions No particles present = no collisions no pressure (a.k.a. vacuum)

Pressure Atmospheric pressure results from the collisions of air molecules with objects ↓as you climb a mountain because the air layer thins out as elevation increases

Pressure The SI unit of pressure is the pascal (Pa) Other units: mm Hg kPa mm Hg atmospheres (atm)