IMPRESSIONISM

Edgar DegasEdgar Degas, L'Absinthe, 1876, Musée d'Orsay, Paris L'AbsintheMusée d'OrsayParis

Édouard ManetÉdouard Manet, A Bar at the Folies- Bergère (Un Bar aux Folies- Bergère), 1882, Courtauld Institute of ArtA Bar at the Folies- Bergère Courtauld Institute of Art

Claude MonetClaude Monet, Impression, soleil levant (Impression, Sunrise), 1872, oil on canvas, Musée Marmottan Monet, Paris. This painting became the source of the movement's nameImpression, soleil levantMusée Marmottan MonetParis

After Emperor Napoleon III saw the rejected works of 1863, he decreed that the public be allowed to judge the work themselves, and the Salon des Refusés (Salon of the Refused) was organized.Salon des Refusés

Artists' petitions requesting a new Salon des Refusés in 1867, and again in 1872, were denied. In December 1873, Monet, Renoir, Pissarro, Sisley, Cézanne, Berthe Morisot, Edgar Degas and several other artists founded the Société Anonyme Coopérative des Artistes Peintres, Sculpteurs, Graveurs ("Cooperative and Anonymous Association of Painters, Sculptors, and Engravers") to exhibit their artworks independently.Monet RenoirPissarroSisleyCézanne Berthe MorisotEdgar Degas

Claude MonetClaude Monet, Woman with a Parasol - Madame Monet and Her Son (Camille and Jean Monet), 1875, National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C. Woman with a Parasol - Madame Monet and Her Son National Gallery of Art Washington, D.C.

Portrait photograph of the French impressionist painter Claude Monet by Nadar.Claude Monet Nadar

The Woman in the Green Dress, Camille Doncieux, 1866, Kunsthalle BremenCamille Doncieux Kunsthalle Bremen

Download original file853 × 991 px jpg View in browser You can attribute the author Show me how Le déjeuner sur l'herbeLe déjeuner sur l'herbe, (right section), 1865–1866, with Gustave Courbet, Frédéric Bazille and Camille Doncieux, first wife of the artist, Musée d'Orsay, Paris[12]Gustave Courbet Frédéric BazilleMusée d'Orsay Paris[12]

Jean Monet on his hobby horse, 1872, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New YorkMetropolitan Museum of Art

Claude MonetClaude Monet, Jardin à Sainte- Adresse, 1867, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.,[28] a work showing the influence of Japanese prints Metropolitan Museum of Art[28]

Water Lilies and the Japanese bridge, 1897– 99, Princeton University Art MuseumPrinceton University Art Museum

Agapanthus, between 1914 and 1926, Museum of Modern Art, New York Museum of Modern Art

Camille Pissarro

Two Women Chatting by the Sea, St. Thomas, (1856), (private collection)St. Thomas

In 1869 Pissarro settled in Louveciennes and would often paint the road to Versailles in various seasons. [13] The Walters Art Museum.Louveciennes [13]The Walters Art Museum

Camille PissarroCamille Pissarro, Boulevard Montmartre, 1897, the Hermitage, Saint Petersburg Hermitage Saint Petersburg

Boulevard Montmartre la nuit, 1898

Mary Cassatt

Tea by Mary Cassatt, 1880, oil on canvas, 25½ × 36¼ in., Museum of Fine Arts, Boston Museum of Fine Arts, Boston

Mary Cassatt - Little Girl in a Blue Armchair - NGA

Mary CassattMary Cassatt, Lydia Leaning on Her Arms (in a theatre box), 1879

Child in Straw Hat (1886)

Berthe Morisot, The Cradle, 1872, Musée d'Orsay Musée d'Orsay

Short, thick strokes of paint quickly capture the essence of the subject, rather than its details. The paint is often applied impasto.impasto Colours are applied side-by-side with as little mixing as possible, a technique that exploits the principle of simultaneous contrast to make the colour appear more vivid to the viewer.simultaneous contrast Grays and dark tones are produced by mixing complementary colours. Pure impressionism avoids the use of black paint.complementary colours Wet paint is placed into wet paint without waiting for successive applications to dry, producing softer edges and intermingling of colour. Wet paint is placed into wet paint Impressionist paintings do not exploit the transparency of thin paint films (glazes), which earlier artists manipulated carefully to produce effects. The impressionist painting surface is typically opaque. The paint is applied to a white or light-coloured ground. Previously, painters often used dark grey or strongly coloured grounds. The play of natural light is emphasized. Close attention is paid to the reflection of colours from object to object. Painters often worked in the evening to produce effets de soir—the shadowy effects of evening or twilight.effets de soir In paintings made en plein air (outdoors), shadows are boldly painted with the blue of the sky as it is reflected onto surfaces, giving a sense of freshness previously not represented in painting. (Blue shadows on snow inspired the technique.)en plein air

POST IMPRESSIONISTS

Paul Cézanne, c. 1861

Femme au Chapeau Vert (Woman in a Green Hat. Madame Cézanne.) 1894–1895

The Artist's Father, Reading "L'Événement", 1866, National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.CNational Gallery of Art

Still Life with a Curtain (1895)

Jas de Bouffan, 1885–1887

Harlequin, 1888–90, oil on canvas, National Gallery of Art National Gallery of Art

Gauguin, c. 1891

Paul GauguinPaul Gauguin, The Yellow Christ (Le Christ jaune) Example of Cloisonnism The Yellow Christ

Aline Marie Chazal Tristán, La mère de l'artiste ("The Artist's Mother"), 1889

Paul Gauguin, Nafea Faa Ipoipo (When Will You Marry?), 1892, sold for a record US$300 million in Nafea Faa Ipoipo (When Will You Marry?)

The Midday Nap (1894)

Vincent Van Gogh

The Potato EatersThe Potato Eaters, 1885, Van Gogh MuseumVan Gogh Museum

Bedroom in ArlesBedroom in Arles, 1888, Van Gogh Museum

Still Life: Vase with Twelve SunflowersStill Life: Vase with Twelve Sunflowers, August 1888

Self-portrait with Bandaged Ear, 1889

The Sower, 1888

The Starry NightThe Starry Night, June 1889

Irises-Vincent van Gogh

The Church at AuversThe Church at Auvers, 1890, Musée d'Orsay, Paris Musée d'Orsay