CPR/AED

Bell Ringer What is CPR? What is an AED?

Cardiac Emergencies and CPR Cardiac emergencies are life threatening Heart attack and cardiac arrest are major causes of illness and death in the US Performing CPR or using AED immediately after a person goes into cardiac arrest can greatly increase his or her chance of living

The Heart The heart beats more than 3 billion times in an average lifetime Size of a fist Lies between the lunges in the middle of the chest Pumps bloods throughout the body Rib, breastbone, and spine protects it from injury

Heart Attack Blood flow is reduced causing chest pain Usually caused by coronary heart disease When blood and oxygen is reduced, a heart attack may result

What to look for Heart attack may be indicated by common signals Each heart attack may not show the same signals You should be able to recognize the following signals: Chest pain, discomfort, or pressure Discomfort in other areas of the upper body in addition to the chest Trouble breathing Pale or ashen skin Sweaty or damp Dizzy or lightheaded

When to 9-1-1 Key signal of a heart attack is persistent chest pain or discomfort The person may deny the symptoms but do not let them influence you

What do to until help arrives Most people die of a heart attack within 2 hours of the first signal Early treatment with certain medications (aspirin) can help minimize damage to the heart after the heart attack You should: Call 9-1-1 Have the person rest comfortably Loosen any tight clothing Closely watch the person Be prepared to perform CPR

Cardiac Arrest Occurs when the heart stops beating or beats too ineffectively to circulate blood to the brain and other vital organs The beats of the heart become ineffective if they are weak and irregular When the heart stops, the body cannot survive Without oxygen, brain damage begins within 4-6 minutes and after 10 minute its irreversible The person is unconscious and not breathing Results from drowning, choking, drug abuse, severe injury and brain damage

Cardiac chain of survival CPR alone may not be enough to help someone survive A person in cardiac arrest will have the greatest chance of survival if you follow the four link: Early recognition and early access to EMS Early CPR Early AED Early advanced medical care Each minute that CPR is delayed, chance for survival is reduced

CPR for Adults To determine an unconscious adults needs CPR follow the 3 C’s Check- scene and person Call- 9-1-1 Care- check for breathing for 10 seconds, if not breathing give CPR If person is not breathing, give CPR To be effective, the person should be on his or her back, firm and flat surfaces

Performing CPR for an Adult and Child Kneel beside the person’s chest Place hands in position, arm and elbows are straight and shoulders directly over your hands Place the heel of your hand on their breastbone The other hand is directly on top of the first hand Keep fingers off the chest Give 30 chest compressions Push hard and fast Count 1 and 2 and 3 and 4 and so on Push down on sternum at least 2 inches

Once 30 compression are given, open the airway using the head-tilt left technique and give 2 breaths Each breath should last 1 second and make the chest rise Tilt head back and lift chin up Pinch nose shut and compete a seal around the person’s mouth

When to Stop CPR Once you begin CPR, do not stop except in one of these situations: Obvious signs of life An AED is available and ready to use Another trained responder or EMS takes over Too exhausted to continues The scene becomes unsafe

Performing CPR for an infant One hand on forehand to maintain airway Use the pads of two or three fingers of other hand to give chest compressions on center of chest (below nipple line) 30 compressions about 1.5 inches deep 2 rescue breath covering nose and mouth with your mouth One hand on forehand to maintain airway Use the pads of two or three fingers of other hand to give chest compressions on center of chest (below nipple line) 30 compressions about 1.5 inches deep 2 rescue breath covering nose and mouth with your mouth

AED

AED precautions Do not use alcohol to wipe the chest Do not use the pad that are for adults on children younger than 8 Do not use pediatric AED Pads on and adult of child above 8 yrs. Old Do not touch the person while AED is analyzing Do not use on someone who is in contact with water Do not use on someone who has a nitroglycerin patch or other medical patch on

AED on Adults/Children Turn on the AED Expose the person’s chest and wipe the chest dry Apply AED pads Upper right chest Left side of chest Plug the connector into the AED Let AED analyze If AED advises that a shock is need No one touching Say EVERYONE, STAND CLEAR Deliver shock After delivering the school, perform 2 minutes of CPR and than continue with AED

AED on Infants Make sure the pads are not touching If so, place one pad in the middle of chest and the other on the back between shoulders

https://youtu.be/YpJsL22xfKA

Special AED situations Some situation may required to pay special attention when using the AED Around water Implantable devices Transdermal patches Hypothermia Trauma Jewelry

AED around water Remove person from water Remove wet clothing Dry chest off

Pacemakers and implantable cardioverter defibrillators Theses deceives are located in the person upper left collar bone area Small lump under skin DO NOT place pads over the implant It will interfere with the shock

Medication patches Remove the patch with a glove before using AED

Hypothermia Hypothermia- a life threatening condition in which the entire body cools because its ability to keep warm fails DO NOT shake the person, it can case V-fib

Exit Slip How many compression and breaths are needed in CPR on an adult, child and infant? What are the steps to using a AED?