立足学生认知 实 实现知识转化 永嘉中学 肖飞燕. 困惑 1 困惑 1 :听懂 不会做 困惑 2 困惑 2 :物理越教越难教 ●教学的困惑 立足学生认知 进行有效教学.

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Presentation transcript:

立足学生认知 实 实现知识转化 永嘉中学 肖飞燕

困惑 1 困惑 1 :听懂 不会做 困惑 2 困惑 2 :物理越教越难教 ●教学的困惑 立足学生认知 进行有效教学

33. 具有相应的自然科学和人文社会科学知识。 34. 了解中国教育基本情况。 35. 具有相应的艺术欣赏与表现知识。 36. 具有适应教育内容、教学手段和方法现代化的信息技术知识。 (八)通识性知识 29. 掌握所教学科课程标准。 30. 掌握所教学科课程资源开发的主要方法与策略。 31. 了解中学生在学习具体学科内容时的认知特点。 32. 掌握针对具体学科内容进行教学的方法与策略。 (七)学科教学知识 25. 理解所教学科的知识体系、基本思想与方法。 26. 掌握所教学科内容的基本知识、基本原理与技能。 27. 了解所教学科与其它学科的联系。 28. 了解所教学科与社会实践的联系。 (六)学科知识 19. 掌握中学教育的基本原理和主要方法。 20. 掌握班集体建设与班级管理的策略与方法。 21. 了解中学生身心发展的一般规律与特点。 22. 了解中学生世界观、人生观、价值观形成过程及教育方法。 23. 了解中学生思维能力与创新能力发展的过程与特点。 24. 了解中学生群体文化特点与行为方式。 (五)教育知识 专业知识专业知识 29. 掌握所教学科课程标准。 30. 掌握所教学科课程资源开发的主要方法与策略。 31. 了解学生在学习具体学科内容时的认知特点。 32. 掌握针对具体学科内容进行教学的方法与策略。 (七)学科教学知识 《中学教师专业标准》 ( Pedagogical Content Knowledge ) 关于 PCK—— 学科教学知识

● ● PCK 是关于教师如何针对特定的学科知识及学生的不 同兴趣与能力, 将学科知识组织、调整与呈现, 以进行有 效教学的知识。 ● PCK 与其说是一种知识, 不如说是一种教师特有的 “ 转化 ” 的智能,即将学科知识 “ 转化 ” 成学生有效获得的学科教 学智能。 学科知识 教学设计教学过程教学知识 学生知识 * * PCK 的核心 : 立足学生认知,实现知识转化 将学科知识转化为学生可学的形式

● 欧姆定律 伏安特性曲线 立足学生对具体学科知识的认知特点 将学科知识转化为学生可学的形式

教材编写

学生已认知 初中科学 —— 欧姆定律

高中前后文 第四节 串、并联电路

学习过程 学生主体 —— 学习是自主建构,还是传 输接受? —— 学生是具有前概念的个体,还 是 “ 白板、容器 ” ?

◎ 基于 “ 教师中心 ” :正面讲解、一步到位 ◎ 基于 “ 学生立场 ” 已有 认知 认知 提升 认知冲突 自主建构 尊重认知 回忆巩固 认知冲突 自主建构 正面示范 形成规范 循序渐进 逐步提升

立足学生已认知 初中欧姆定律电路图

关注高中前后文 第四节 串、并联电路 尊重学生求知欲望 知其然 知其所以然

尊重认知规律 认识深刻 巩固提高 规范操练

实验课真是考验 —— 实践中并没我想象的顺利 难的就是难

实验课真是考验 —— 实践中并没我想象的顺利 仪器准备没那么到位 难的就是难

导线太长

导线适当短点好

实验课真是考验 —— 实践中并没我想象的顺利 仪器故障时而出现 仪器准备没那么到位 如何指导到位? 0.5V 以内多测几个 0.5V 以内每 0.1V 测一次 难的就是难

反思 —— 真的要分压法吗 一学生:我这样也可以啊?

物理也不那么难学 —— 物理也不那么难教 立足学生认知,实现知识转化 教与学都是有规律的 尊敬遗忘规律:正确构建 认识深刻 巩固提高 立足学生对具体学科知识的认知特点 将学科知识转化为学生可学的形式

做教育教学的有心人 老师教得舒心,学生学得称心