PROJECT MANAGEMENT TOOLS PBAF 531 November 14, 2014

What is Project Management? What is a project? A temporary endeavor producing a unique product, service, or result Discrete timeframe & specific goal Catholic Relief Services, Propack II, Level 2; Project Management Institute,

What is Project Management? Project management Process of planning, organizing, managing resources to bring about a specific goal/objective Involves project team, who do not typically work together Catholic Relief Services, Propack II, Level 2; Project Management Institute,

Constraints Time Resources – both material and human/organizational capital & knowledge $ Money $ Within those constraints – what can be achieved? And how best to achieve objectives?

Project Constraint Triangle Resources

Project Management Tools PERT SMART Theory of Change Intent Structure …lots of frameworks, models, charts SWOT

Use in ID? Project Cycle Identification - Problem Analysis Planning & Implementation

Identification: Problem/ Needs What? Project Cycle Planning & Implementation How?

Project Cycle Management Framework

Problem Analysis Models 1) Problem Tree 2) Force Field Mapping 3) Logic Model

Problem Tree Ec.europca.eu; The Communication Initiative,

Problem Tree Clarify causes to help find solutions Can help identify who should be involved As with all problem analysis models, analyzing can give a shared sense of understanding and action ODI, Problem Tree Analysis;

VeneKlasen and Miller A New Weave of Power, People and Politics: the Action Guide for Advocacy and Citizen Participation.

Force Field Mapping

Deziek, Jim. Planning for Change: The Force Field Tool. MIT Human Resources. topics/change/articles/force-field

Logic Model Shows how and why project will work Uses sequence of events InputsActivitiesOutputsOutcomeImpact

Log Frames

Analysis Phase-Problem

Analysis Phase-Objectives

Analysis Phase-Strategy

Planning Phase

Assumptions

It identifies problems first It is used rigidly It is often developed AFTER a project has been designed rather than as a tool for its design Does not readily enable monitoring unintended consequences Weaknesses of Log Frame

Policy vs Practice Competing perspectives Focus on metrics Organizational Structures and Relationships

Policy Directors Policy Implementers Consultants Policy versus Practice

Micro-organizational process => Macro- effects Power dynamics Technical vs Non-technical Politics, Ideas and Perspectives

Basis for evaluation Competition Proxy measures Metrics

Project Management is Complex

Whose voices are included? Whose voices should be included? Is the project cycle fixed, or evolving? Where does learning occur? Is the objective fixed, or evolving? What does a “successful” project look like? Who gets to define a “successful” project? Does it change depending on viewpoint and how does it change? At what point is or should “success” be measured? How are competing objectives – from donors, organizations, partner NGOs, clients – negotiated? Considerations

GROUP ACTIVITY

Problem High rates of illiteracy in Sub-Saharan Africa · More than 1 in 3 adults cannot read · 176 million adults are unable to read and write · 47 million youths (ages 15-24) are illiterate · 21 million adolescents are not in school · 32 million primary aged children are not in school Source: UNESCO Goal 100% Literacy Task Use this problem to work through the project management tool assigned to your group. Make as many assumptions as you need!

Problem Analysis Tools ●Problem Tree ●Force Field Mapping ●Logic Model

Follow up Discussion ●Describe your process in using this project managment tool. ●Was the tool helpful? Why or why not? ●Were there any challenges/limitations? ●What did you like/dislike about the tool? ●Were all stakeholders represented/considered?

Thank you!