 Made up of:  Bones  Muscles  Tendons  Ligaments  Gives body support and stability

 Soft tissues  Body has over 600 muscles  Shorten and lengthen  Contract and relax

 2oo bones in the body to form the skeleton  Skeleton protects many organs inside the body  Rich in supply of blood and nerves

 Ends of two or more bones coming together at one place  Strong and tough bands (ligaments) hold the bones at joints  Joints have normal range of movement

 Four basic types of injuries  Fractures  Dislocations  Sprains  strains

 Complete break, chip or crack in a bone  Fall, blow or twisting can cause a fracture  Fractures can be  Open  Closed

 Involves an open wound  When the end of a bone tears through the skin  Dangerous because they carry a risk of infection and severe bleeding

 Most common  A break or crack in the bone that does not come through the skin but sometimes causes injury to tissues in the area.

 The movement of a bone at a joint away from its normal position  Caused by a violent force tearing the ligaments that hold the bones in place  Forms a bump, ridge or hollow that does not normally exist

 The tearing of ligaments at a joint  Mild sprains swell but heal quickly  If ignore and not properly healed, the joint will remain weak  Can involve a fracture or dislocation of bones at the joint  Most common places are the ankle, knee, wrist and fingers

 Stretching and tearing of muscles or tendons  Often caused by lifting something heavy or working muscle to hard  Involve the muscles in the neck, back, thigh or the back and or lower leg

 Pain to touch or to move  Significant bruising and swelling  Deformity  Unable to use the body part  Bone fragments sticking out  Felt a snap or pop  Cold or numb

 R- (REST) do not move or straighten  I- (ICE) stabilize injured part in the position it was found  C- (COLD) ice the area  E- (Elevate) elevate the injured part, may help reduced the swelling

 A method of immobilizing an injured part to minimize movement and prevent further injury  Should be used only if you have to move or transport the person  Splint the injury body part in the position you found it  Splint fractures above and below the joint  Splint sprains the bone below and above the site  Splinting materials should be soft and padded

 The person’s body is the splint  Splint the arm to the chest  Splint injured leg to unharmed leg

 Soft materials are used to splint  A sling is an example

 Padded boards  Folded magazines  Newspaper  Anything that do not have sharp edges can be used

 Injured leg stretched out on the ground is supported by the ground

 Type of brain injury that involves a temporary loss of brain function resulting from a blow to the head  Effects can occur immediately or very soon after the blow  However some effect do not appear for hours or even days after

 Headache  Confusion  Repeated questions  Temporary memory loss  Nausea  Vomiting  Speech problems