Europe: An Introduction

Chapter 6, Lesson 1 Warm-Up Questions CPS Questions (1 - 2)

Chapter 6, Lesson 1 Chapter Overview Lesson 1: Europe: An Introduction Lesson 2: The European Union Lesson 3:Immigration, Terrorist Cells, and Ethnic Strife Lesson 4: The Creation and Collapse of Yugoslavia Lesson 5: US Interests and Regional Issues in Europe

Chapter 6, Lesson 1 Lesson Overview  The geographic locations of the major nations of Europe  How Ancient Greece and the Roman Empire influenced Europe’s development  How Christianity, Islam, and Judaism affected the development of Europe  How nationalism destroyed the continental European empires  How Marxism, socialism, and fascism affected the development of Europe

Chapter 6, Lesson 1 Quick Write What does this episode suggest to you about the influence of ancient Rome and the rest of Europe on American civilization? (Note to teacher: Use “Pick a Student button” in CPS)

Chapter 6, Lesson 1 The Geographic Locations of the Major Nations of Europe  Europe stretches from Spain in the west to Russia’s Ural Mountains in the east

Chapter 6, Lesson 1 The Geographic Locations of the Major Nations of Europe, cont.  The Alps are Europe’s highest mountains  The Carpathians are Europe’s largest mountain range  The Danube is the longest river within the European Union  The Rhine, Loire, Rhone, Seine, and Elbe are also major rivers  Major seas include the North, Baltic, Black, and Mediterranean Seas

Chapter 6, Lesson 1  Ancient Greece: Democracy, Philosophy, Architecture, Mythology, Language, and Religion How Ancient Greece and the Roman Empire Influenced Europe’s Development R. Norman Matheny / © 1992 The Christian Science Monitor

Chapter 6, Lesson 1  Ancient Rome: Law, Engineering, Architecture, Government, Religion, and Language  The Byzantine Empire was the only civilized European power after the western half of the Roman Empire crumbled in AD 476 How Ancient Greece and the Roman Empire Influenced Europe’s Development, cont. Robert Harbison / © 1999 The Christian Science Monitor

Chapter 6 Lesson 1 How Christianity, Islam, and Judaism Affected the Development of Europe  Christianity was Europe’s great unifier, especially after the Western Roman Empire’s decline Melanie Stetson Freeman / © 1993 The Christian Science Monitor

Chapter 6, Lesson 1 How Christianity, Islam, and Judaism Affected the Development of Europe, cont.  Muslim rule over Islamic territories of al-Andalus rose and fell between  The Spanish expulsion of Jews in 1492 followed the banishing of Jews from England in 1290, from France in 1396, and from Austria in 1421 Robert Harbison / © 1994 The Christian Science Monitor

Chapter 6, Lesson 1  Nationalism, or loyalty to country, affected four important empires in European history  The Holy Roman Empire was largely German and its emperors saw themselves as successors to the Romans David Clark Scott / © 2003 The Christian Science Monitor How Nationalism Destroyed the Continental European Empires

Chapter 6, Lesson 1  The Ottoman Empire - “the sick man of Europe”  The defeat of the Hapsburgs in World War I led to the carving up of the empire into many independent republics  The Russian Empire lost part of Poland and all of Finland after World War I and the Bolshevik Revolution How Nationalism Destroyed the Continental European Empires, cont. Peter Ford / © 2005 The Christian Science Monitor

Chapter 6, Lesson 1 How Marxism, Socialism, and Fascism Affected the Development of Europe  Fascism was an ideology of the far right and was nationalistic in a tribal or racist sense  Benito Mussolini of Italy  Adolf Hitler’s Nazism  The ideas of Marx and his colleague, Friedrich Engels, caught on as Europe industrialized (Marxism)  Soviet Union

Chapter 6, Lesson 1 How Marxism, Socialism, and Fascism Affected the Development of Europe, cont.  Fascism wrought death and destruction throughout Europe before and during World War II, killing tens of millions of people  Tens of millions died under communism as well Robert Harbison / © 1993 The Christian Science Monitor

Chapter 6, Lesson 1 Learning Check CPS Questions (3 - 4)

Chapter 6, Lesson 1 Activity 1: Geographic Locations in Europe Identify the countries and bodies of water in Europe

Chapter 6, Lesson 1 Activity 2: European Influences in the US 1.What current or historic European influences are evident? 2.Do any restaurants offer European food (Italian, Greek)? 3.Do any of the city’s residents speak a European language? 4.Do you know of any inscriptions that seem to be in Latin? 5.What religious traditions have their roots in Europe?

Chapter 6, Lesson 1 Activity 3: Understanding Nationalism 1.How would you describe the historic and current influence of nationalism on the United States? 2.How has it shaped the US? 3.What part, if any, does nationalism play in the US today? 4.Compare and contrast your ideas about US nationalism to the nationalism movements in Europe we learned about today.

Chapter 6, Lesson 1 Technology Enrichment: The Holocaust Visit the “United States Holocaust Memorial Museum” website and “The Holocaust: A Learning Site for Students” Read one of the stories and write a brief summary of it

Chapter 6, Lesson 1Review  Europe stretches from Spain in the west to Russia’s Ural Mountains in the east  Christianity was Europe’s great unifier, especially after the Western Roman Empire’s decline  Nationalism affected four important empires in European history: Holy Roman, Ottoman, Austro- Hungarian, Russian  Fascism wrought death and destruction throughout Europe before and during World War II; millions died under communism as well

Chapter 6, Lesson 1 Review Questions CPS Questions (5 - 6)

Chapter 6, Lesson 1 Summary  The geographic locations of the major nations of Europe  How Ancient Greece and the Roman Empire influenced Europe’s development  How Christianity, Islam, and Judaism affected the development of Europe  How nationalism destroyed the continental European empires  How Marxism, socialism, and fascism affected the development of Europe

Chapter 6, Lesson 1 Next….  Done—Europe: An Introduction  Next—The European Union Melanie Stetson Freeman / © 2007 The Christian Science Monitor