People

Leonardo daVinci

Michelangelo

William Shakespeare

Erasmus

Abraham/Moses

Jesus of Nazareth

Muhammad

Siddhartha Gautama

Asoka

Martin Luther

John Calvin

Henry VIII

Queen Elizabeth I

Cardinal Richelieu

Jan Huss, John Wycliffe

Gutenberg

Prince Henry the Navigator

Vasco de Gama

Christopher Columbus

Hernando Cortez

Francisco Pizarro

Ferdinand Magellan

Francis Drake

Jacques Cartier

Shah Jahan

Nicolaus Copernicus

Johannes Kepler

Galileo Galilei

Isaac Newton

William Harvey

Louis XIV

Peter the Great

James I --- Charles I

Oliver Cromwell

Charles II

James II

William and Mary

Thomas Hobbes

The Leviathan (1651) Argued that all humans were naturally selfish and wicked Believed in a powerful government to control people from their own natural, brute state of nature Without government to keep order, life would be “poor, nasty, and short.” Thomas Hobbes

John Locke Wrote The Two Treatises on Government (1690) The human mind at birth is like a blank tablet (tabula rasa) on which the environment write the individual’s understandings and beliefs. All people are born with three natural rights: Life Liberty Property People form gov’t to protect their natural rights Influenced Thomas Jefferson’s “Life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness”

Montesquieu Wrote On the Spirit of the Laws (1748) Montesquieu called this separation of powers which he felt should be separated into 3 branches:  Legislative  Executive  Judicial

Jean-Jacques Rousseau Wrote The Social Contract (1762) Believed people were naturally good; Evils of society corrupted peoples natural goodness Only good government was one freely formed by the people and guided by the “general will” of society – a direct democracy The good of the community as a whole should be placed above the individual

Voltaire Believed in religious tolerance, freedom of religion and freedom of speech Separation of church and state was extremely important Philosopher

Johann Sebastian Bach Famous composer during the Enlightenment. German, X6g X6g

Wolfgang Mozart Famous composer during the Enlightenment. Austria, Holy Roman Empire, late 1700s XxVA XxVA

Miguel de Cervantes Famous author during the Enlightenment – wrote Don Quixote The main character in his novel is tall, thin Don Quixote. He is a older gentleman (Don means "Sir" in Spanish) and a dreamer. Although the age of knights is past, Quixote dresses up in rusty armor and mounts his tired, old horse, Rocinante. He sets off to perform acts of chivalry in the name of his love, Dulcinea. He takes with him short, stout Sancho Panza. Sancho is an ordinary farmer who rides a mule, but Don Quixote sees him as his faithful squire.

Eugene Delacroix Famous artist during the Enlightenment.

Maximiliem Robespierre

Napoleon

Toussaint L’Ouverture

Father Miguel Hidalgo

Simon Bolivar

Count Cavour

Giuseppe Garibaldi

Otto von Bismarck

James Hargreaves

James Watt

Eli Whitney

Henry Bessemer

Edward Jenner

Louis Pasteur

Adam Smith

Karl Marx

Archduke Franz Ferdinand

Kaiser Wilhelm II

Woodrow Wilson

Tsar Nicholas II

Vladimir Lenin

Joseph Stalin

Benito Mussolini

Adolf Hitler

Emperor Hirohito

Hideki Tojo

Franklin D. Roosevelt

Neville Chamberlain

Winston Churchill

George C. Marshall

Douglas MacArthur

Dwight D. Eisenhower

Harry S. Truman

Mao Zedong

Chiang Kai-shek

Ho Chi Minh

Deng Xiaoping

Margaret Thatcher

Mikhail Gorbachev

Mohandas Gandhi

Jawaharlal Nehru

Indira Gandhi

Jomo Kenyatta

Nelson Mandela

Golda Meir

Gamal Abdul Nasser

Osama bin Laden

George W. Bush