Marilyn Billings Scholarly Communications Librarian W.E.B. Du Bois Library, UMass Amherst

 Introduction & Some Background  Recent Trends & Charting New Territory  Working with Faculty – New Roles  Institutional Repositories  Digital Publishing  Q&A and Discussion March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings2

 Land-grant University  Flagship of 5 campus UMass System  Students – 27,000 (6000 grads)  Faculty – 1,180  Academic environment ◦ 88 bachelor’s degree programs, 73 master’s and 53 doctoral programs  Research ◦ Over $140 million / year Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings March 27,

 4 Libraries (Du Bois, ISEL, Image, Music)  Over 3.5 million volumes  43,000 journal subscriptions  190 librarians, staff, and students  Recent Initiatives ◦ Learning and Teaching Commons ◦ Scholarly Communications and IR March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings4

 “Crisis” of ’90s  Increasing amounts of research and scholarship born in digital form  Need to collect and preserve this material  Examine new scholarly publishing models Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings March 27,

 Digital repositories ◦ Unified open access to and preservation of the electronic collections of works of members of the institution’s community  Open access journals ◦ Journals available at no cost to end user ◦ May or not be refereed ◦ Typically available in electronic format Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings March 27,

 Downloaded more than traditionally published materials (Davis et al, 2008)Davis et al, 2008  More opportunities for easier collaboration among researchers  Cited more than restricted (non-open access) materials in some disciplines (Lawrence, 2001)Lawrence, 2001

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 Perception of faculty members ◦ What value is there in publishing in open access journals?  Impact on tenure and promotion?  Potential problems with author pays financial model?  Copyright Issues ◦ Who owns the copyright to works published in an open access journal? ◦ What can a faculty member do to preserve the right to post a previously published work to an open access journal? March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings9

 Retain Author Rights ◦ Reproduction ◦ Distribution ◦ Public performance ◦ Modification of original work

11  Education Opportunities  Modify publisher contracts ◦ Scholar’s Copyright Addendum Engine ◦ Creative Commons licenses

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 Faculty roles ◦ Author ◦ Editor / Editorial board / ◦ Peer reviewer  Investigate current publisher policies ◦ Sherpa / RoMEO website ◦ Publisher websites March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings14

 National Science Foundation 6/nsb00106.htm  National Institutes of Health  Wellcome Trust  FRPAA (Federal Research Public Access Act) March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings15

 Institutional Digital Repositories ◦ Directory of Open Access Repositories ◦ My example - UMass Amherst  Disciplinary Repositories ◦ arXiv.org ◦ RePEc ◦ ESENCe ◦ Other examples March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings16

 Proactive response to scholarly communication and open access issues  Showcase for scholars and institution  Ease of use by faculty and researchers  Long-term preservation, persistent urls  Wide dissemination of intellectual output  More frequent citations March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings17

 Material submission, ingest  Metadata application  Access control  Data management  Dissemination of content  Preservation, durability, storage March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings18

 Institutionally defined  Scholarly  Cumulative and perpetual  Centralized management  Open and interoperable (OAI-compliant) March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings19

 Rieh, Soo Young, et al. “Census of Institutional Repositories in the U.S.: A Comparison Across the Institutions at Different Stages of IR Development.” D-Lib Magazine 13, no. 11/12 (2007) ◦ Leaders: Who bears the responsibility for IR planning, pilot-testing, and implementation? ◦ Funding: From where does IR funding come? ◦ Content: What types of document are in IRs, and which content recruitment methods are most popular? ◦ Contributors: Who contributes to IRs? ◦ Systems: Which IR systems are most prevalent? March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings20

March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings21 Leaders  “In general, librarians lead the IR effort in all stages of IR development.” ◦ Library role as steward of scholarship ◦ Collection development expertise ◦ Liaison role with faculty ◦ Center of expertise on metadata ◦ Commitment to long-term preservation ◦ Complementarity of repository and licensed digital materials

 Wide variety of responses, many informal ◦ Special initiative supported by the library ◦ Costs absorbed in routine library operating costs ◦ Regular budget line item for your institution's library ◦ Grant awarded by an external source ◦ Special initiative supported by your institution's central administration ◦ Special initiative supported by your institution's archives March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings22

 Research materials ◦ Doctoral dissertations, theses, honors projects ◦ Journal articles ◦ Working papers, other grey literature and data  Teaching materials ◦ Learning objects ◦ Syllabi and text books ◦ Audio and video materials ◦ E portfolios March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings23

 Working one-on-one with early adopters  Word-of-mouth from early adopters to their colleagues  Mandating deposit of dissertations, theses, honors projects  Mandating deposit of research results from internal institutional grants March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings24

 Faculty and Researchers  Graduate and Honors students  Archivists and Librarians  University Press  Academic Offices ◦ Office of Research ◦ Office of Outreach, Cooperative Extension March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings25

 Sabbatical research (2005) ◦ Lessons Learned  Explore needs of faculty (2006) ◦ Survey ◦ Faculty Senate work  Determine solution (2006) ◦ Pilot projects  ScholarWorks launched (2007) ◦ Examples Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings March 27,

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 Delivering Repository Services?  Integrating into emerging services content from diverse collections?  Negotiating rights environment and building consensus?  Providing Publishing Services?  Building and sustaining new relationships? March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings35

◦ Transition to digital collections ◦ Highlighting what is unique, but of value to other scholars and making it accessible ◦ Utilize existing skills in organizing, and providing access ◦ Enhancing the value of the library by contributing to the mission of the institution ◦ Value to institution, and to the wider scholarly community March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings36

 Academic Computing  Continuing Education and Outreach  Faculty  Graduate School  Office of Research  Students  Center for Teaching or Faculty Development March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings37

 Made free to use or share, and in some cases, to change and share again, made possible through licensing  Both teachers and learners can share what they know  Part of Teaching Commons March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings38

Marilyn S BillingsNELA 2009, October 1939 OER Subjects  Arts  Business  Humanities  Math and Statistics  Science and Technology  Social Sciences March 27, Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings

Marilyn S BillingsNELA 2009, October 1940 OER Content Types  Activities  Games  Homework assignments  Lecture notes and plans  Readings  Simulations  Textbooks March 27, Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings

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 ARL Bimonthly Report, no.252/ shtml shtml  Ithaca Report (shortened title) publishing publishing  Kennan, Mary Anne and Karlheinz Kautz. Scholarly Publishing and Open Access: Searching for Understanding of an Emerging Phenomenon pository/unsworks:25 pository/unsworks:25 March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings51

52 March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings Scholarly Communication Selected Bibliography  ARL New Model Publications pubs/pubstudy/index.shtml pubs/pubstudy/index.shtml  Create Change  Scholarly Communication Toolkit  Scholarly Publishing & Academic Resources Coalition (SPARC)

March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings53 Citation Impact Factor articles  Antelman, Kristin. “Do Open-Access Articles Have a Greater Research Impact” cess_CRL.pdf cess_CRL.pdf  Eysenbach, Gunther. “Citation Advantage of Open Access Articles” ument&doi= /journal.pbio &ct=1 ument&doi= /journal.pbio &ct=1  Lawrence, Steve. “Free online availability substantially increases a paper's impact”. Nature 411, 521 (31 May 2001) access/Articles/lawrence.html access/Articles/lawrence.html

54 March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings Institutional Repository Selected Bibliography  Bailey, Charles W. Institutional Repositories, Tout de Suite  EDUCAUSE Resource Center on Irs stitutional%20Repositories/ stitutional%20Repositories/27900  Gibbons, Susan. Establishing an Institutional Repository b/View/Collection b/View/Collection-2193  OpenDOAR  SPARC Repository Resources

 Borgman, Christine L Scholarship in the Digital Age: Information, Infrastructure, and the Internet. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.  Brown, Laura, Rebecca Griffiths, and Matthew Rascoff. University Publishing in a Digital Age. New York, Ithaka, r/strategy/Ithaka%20University%20Publishing%20Report.pdfhttp:// r/strategy/Ithaka%20University%20Publishing%20Report.pdf  Candee, Catherine H., and Lynne Withey “The University of California as Publisher.” ARL: A Bimonthly Report, no. 252/  Crow, Raym “Campus-based Publishing Partnerships: a Guide to Critical Issues”. March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings55

 Hahn, Karla “Research Library Publishing Services: New Options for University Publishing” services.pdf services.pdf  Johnson, Richard K., and Judy Luther “The E- only Tipping Point for Journals: What’s Ahead in the Print-to-Electronic Zone”.  Royster, Paul “Publishing Original Content in an Institutional Repository”.  Smith, Abby “The Research Library in the 21st Century: Collecting, Preserving, and Making Accessible Resources for Scholarship.” In No Brief Candle: Reconceiving Research Libraries for the 21st Century. Washington, D.C.: Council on Library and Information Resources. March 27, Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings

 OER Commons:  Flat World Knowledge  CITE : a blog on Course materials, Innovation, and Technology in Education  Make Textbooks Affordable  The Community College Consortium for Open Educational Resources March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings57

March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings58 Thank you  Contact information: Marilyn Billings Scholarly Communication Librarian W.E.B. Du Bois Library University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA