The Five Senses Vocab Looks like… Smells like… Sounds like… Tastes like… Feels like…

 Industrialism  Imperialism  Nationalism

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What and When The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes in the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and This transition included going from hand production methods to machines, new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes, improved efficiency of water power, the increasing use of steam power, the development of machines, and the rise of the factory system.

Causes and Effects of the Industrial Revolution

The Good Old Days The way it was BEFORE the Industrial Revolution

How things were made Domestic System/ “Cottage Industry”

And then it all began to slowly change

Causes of the Industrial Revolution  Changes in agriculture (enclosure movement and crop rotation, for example) improved people’s health and created a labor supply, and provided more raw materials to be manufactured.  Landowners and merchants had money to invest in businesses (capital)

Causes of the Industrial Revolution  Great Britain had abundant natural resources (coal, iron, fast flowing rivers) and a large market for selling goods (lots of colonies).  The start of the factory system, where goods were made by machines. The machines did the work of many people.  Inventions/technology revolutionized (changed) the way goods were manufactured

Inventions/Innovations  Spinning jenny  Spinning mule  Water-powered loom  Cotton gin  Steam engine  Electricity

spinning jenny spinning mule

water-powered loom cotton gin

Watt’s steam engine

Water pouring into the sough, Cromford Mill A former water-powered cotton spinning mill,the first to be powered by water as well as the first successful industrial-scale cotton production factory. The Cromford Mill had a tremendous influence on the cotton industry as well as the Industrial Revolution and is considered one of the first modern factories.

The Spread of Industrialism  Britain attempted a monopoly, or total control, on industry.  Skilled workers and inventors saw the opportunity to make more money elsewhere…so ideas and plans “leaked” out of Britain (see chart)

NationArrivalImpact Great Britain (aka England) The Industrial Revolution began here because of the availability of natural resources, cheap labor, and markets for selling goods. -Great Britain became an industrial powerhouse in the 18 th century, which kept them in the lead for world power. -Though Britain tried to keep a monopoly on industry, inventors and innovators took their ideas elsewhere...where they sold their ideas for money United States Samuel Slater slipped out of Britain in He took his knowledge of spinning to Rhode Island. -In 1814 Lowell opened a textile mill in Massachusetts -The factory system spread to New England -The North industrialized; the South relied on cotton sales to mills in New England and Great Britain. Germany Germans bought British machines in the early 1800s -In 1839 Germany used British capital ($) to build its 1 st major railroad. -Coal, iron, and textile industries emerged in the mid-1800s -By 1870 Germany, Great Britain, and the US were the world’s 3 most industrialized nations Japan Commodore Matthew Perry arrived in 1853 with a fleet of steam- powered warships, exposing Japan to the power of industry -Late 1800s, Meiji leaders pushed for industrialization -Japan built its first railroad in 1872 By 1914, Japan was one of the world’s leading industrial powers.

The Effects of Industrialism  Growth of cities  Rise of capitalism (privately owned business)  Corporations, methods of organizing business  Rise of the working class  Birth of trade unions  Development of socialism (government owned business)