Civil War Significant People

Abraham Lincoln 16 th President of the US, President of the United States of American Wanted to preserve the Union therefore chose to fight, “Shall it be peace, or sword” (1 st Inaugural Address) Homestead Act was established gave up to 160 acres of land in the west for free Gave the Emancipation Proclamation after the Battle of Antietam 1863, changed to focus of the War to not only preserve the Union but also to end slavery 2 nd Inaugural Address, “malice toward none, charity for all” Assassinated by John Wilkes Booth at the conclusion of the War

Ulysses S. Grant Lost many men in the Battle of Shiloh, many wanted him removed from command but Lincoln commented “I can’t spare this man, he fights” Defeated the Confederates at a hard fought battle in Vicksburg which coupled with Gettysburg became the turning point in the war After Vicksburg led a decisive victory in Chattanooga Became General of the Union troops in 1864 Defeated Lee at Richmond and later forced him to surrender at Appomattox Court House

Philip Bazaar

William Carney Born a slave in Virginia, many believe he escaped through the underground railroad to Massachusetts Volunteered for the 54 th Massachusetts Regiment (Glory) Retrieved a flag from a fallen comrade and made it back to the lines after several serious wounds stating “Boy’s, I only did my duty, the old flag never touched the ground” Won the Medal of Honor, 1 st African American to receive such honors

Julia Ward Howe Supported many reform movements; abolition, women’s rights, prison reform and education Helped fund John Browns “revolution” when he was captured she fled for Canada Wrote the “Battle Hymn of the Republic” Instrumental in creating Mother’s Day

Clara Barton Founder of the American Red Cross Nicknamed “the angel of the battlefield” for her work at Antietam Helped distribute supplies to the Union troops and then became a field nurse

54 th Massachusetts Regiment Made famous in the movie Glory 1st military unit comprised of all black soldiers Attacked Fort Wagner and suffered very heavy losses, half the men were killed, wounded, or missing Nevertheless the men showed bravery and courage by never retreating while waiting on reinforcements that never arrived

William Tecumseh Sherman Was described as insane by the press Fought in the First Battle of Bull Run where his troops were badly beaten Fought for Grant at Shiloh and Vicksburg Began his March to the Sea destroying a 60 mile wide path of total destruction beginning with Atlanta

Jefferson Davis US Senator prior to the Civil War Elected President of the Confederacy States’ rights Democrat believed in free expansion of slavery into the west At the end of the War he was arrested and imprisoned for treason but never tried

Robert E. Lee Put down the Harper’s Ferry attack and arrested John Brown Turned down Lincoln’s appointment of the Union Commander and joined the Confederacy Commander of the Confederated troops Surrendered to Grant at Appomattox Court House

John Wilkes Booth Well respected and famous stage actor Southern sympathizer who believed abolitionists were “traitors” First plan was to kidnap Lincoln and send him to Richmond but the plan failed Later assassinated Lincoln at Ford’s Theatre which began the largest federal manhunt in US history

Fords Theatre

(27) Science, technology, and society. The student understands the impact of science and technology on the economic development of the United States. The student is expected to: (A) explain the effects of technological and scientific innovations such as the steamboat, the cotton gin, and interchangeable parts; (B) analyze the impact of transportation and communication systems on the growth, development, and urbanization of the United States; (C) analyze how technological innovations changed the way goods were manufactured and marketed, nationally and internationally; and (D) explain how technological innovations brought about economic growth such as how the factory system contributed to rapid industrialization and the Transcontinental Railroad led to the opening of the west.