2006- Chapter 17 Classification Organizing the world of organisms  Taxonomy  Scientific study  The Tree of Life  organize creatures by structure.

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Presentation transcript:

2006- Chapter 17 Classification

Organizing the world of organisms  Taxonomy  Scientific study  The Tree of Life  organize creatures by structure & function  how they are built  how they live  organize them into groups of closely related creatures

Organizing the world of organisms  Aristotle  1 st to Classify living things  Plants  Animals  land  water  air

Taxonomy  Carolus Linnaeus  Father of Modern Taxonomy  organize creatures by structure & function (morphology)  how they are built  how they live  used Latin  binomial nomenclature  2-part scientific name  Genus & species  Ex. Felis concolor

History of Classification  Charles Darwin / Jean- Baptiste Lamarck / Ernst Haeckel (1800’s)  Use evolutionary relationships

Organizing systems  Making sense out of the differences Eastern gray squirrel Sciurus carolinensis

Modern taxonomy  Organizes in context of evolution  Build phylogenetic tree  evolutionary relationships  Cladistics  Derived characters  Ex. Only birds have feathers  Build cladograms

Cladistics

WARM UP 1. List 3 ways people have classified things throughout history. 2. Compare and contrast the most modern classification systems – phylogenetic trees and cladograms.

Classification  Kingdom  kids  Phylum  prefer  Class  candy  Order  over  Family  fresh  Genus  green  Species  spinach

Scientific Names  The more groups you share, the more closely related you are  Genus and species names  Capitalize Genus, not species  In italics (typed) or underlined (hand- written)  Ex: Ursus americanus Canis lupus Ursus arctos Danus plexxipus Ursus maritimus Canis familiaris

WARM UP 1. List the 8 groups in the order of classification, from largest to smallest.

Bacteria & Archaebacteria Classification  3 Domains  Archae  Most basic cells  Monera (Eubacteria)  Prokaryotes with peptidoglycan  Ex.) Bacteria  Eukaryotes  Organelles and nucleus  1. Protists  2. Plants  3. Fungi  4Animals Monera Eukaryote

Kingdom Protist Kingdom Fungi Kingdom Plant Kingdom Animal Kingdom Archaebacteria Kingdom Bacteria

1.) Kingdom Protista  Classification criteria  Simplest eukaryotes  not animal, plant or fungi  All 3 That’s more of what they’re not & not what they are!

2.) Kingdom Fungi  Classification criteria  Decomposers  must feed off dead material  mostly multicellular  Ex.) Puff balls, Athlete’s foot

3.) Kingdom Plantae  General characteristics  Autotrophs  Photosynthetic  Contain chlorophyll

4.) Kingdom Animalia  Heterotrophs  must ingest others for nutrients  Multicellular  complex bodies  Sexual reproduction

Kingdom Characteristics ProtistaFungiPlantae Animalia # of cellsSing/MultiMulti FoodProd/ConConsumerProducerConsumer Move?Yes / NoNo Yes Organ Systems? NoKind ofYes

Any Questions??