BERTRAND RUSSELL (18 May 1872 – 2 February 1970)

Bertrand Arthur William Russell, 3rd Earl Russell British philosopher, historian, logician, mathematician, pacifist, anti-war activist, and anti-imperialist. He wrote the essay “On Denoting" and was co-author (with Alfred North Whitehead) of Principia Mathematica, an attempt to ground mathematics on the laws of logic. Both works have had a considerable influence on logic, mathematics,set theory,linguistics and analytic philosophy.

ANCESTRY The Russells had been prominent in Britain for several centuries. His paternal grandfather John Russell, 1st Earl Russell, had twice been asked by Queen Victoria to form a government, serving her as Prime Minister in the 1840s and 1860s.John Russell, 1st Earl RussellPrime Minister Russell's parents were quite radical for their times. Both were early advocates of birth control at a time when this was considered scandalous.birth control John Stuart Mill, the Utilitarian philosopher, stood as Russell's godfather. Mill died the following year, but his writings had a great effect upon Russell's life.

LATER LIFE AND MARRIAGES His mother and his sister died when he was 2-years old. His father died when he was only 4 years old. He grew up in the care of his grandparents. He had a scholarship and came under the influence of Alfred North Whitehead. He married high-minded Alys when he was 22. After this marriage, he married also three different women. He had 3 children, John, Katharine, and Conrad.

Russell spent the 1950s and 1960s engaged in various political causes, primarily related to nuclear disarmament and opposing the Vietnam war. The 1955 Russell-Einstein Manifesto was a document calling for nuclear disarmament.Russell-Einstein Manifesto Russell is generally considered as being one of the founders of analytic philosophy.analytic philosophy Russell had great influence on modern mathematical logic.mathematical logic He discovered a paradox,known as Russell’s Paradox. He developed Theory of types. Theory of types and much of his work had influence on computer science and information technology. Russell's last significant work in mathematics and logic, Introduction to Mathematical Philosophy, was written by hand while he was in jail for his anti-war activities during World War I.anti-warWorld War I

Order of MeritOrder of Merit Nobel Prize in LiteratureIn 1949, he is awarded by the Order of Merit. By the following year he was awarded Nobel Prize in Literature. Nobel Prize in LiteratureOrder of MeritNobel Prize in Literature One day, Russell said he didn't feel well and remained in bed. He died of influenza before the doctor arrived.influenza

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