Major Chinese Dynasties

Han Dynasty  Established basis for Chinese government  Established a series of trading routes called the Silk Road  Silk Road connected China to central Asia and the Middle East

What else besides goods could travel along the Silk Road?  Exchange of culture and ideas  Religions  Technology  Such as.. Paper, printing, agriculture, weapons,

What is a Middle Man?  Traders on Silk Road did not travel entire distance.  Sold goods to others along the way who continued moving the goods along  What does that do to the price??  Costs increase with each trade off point.

Mandate of Heaven  Do you remember your vocabulary?

Mandate of Heaven  Belief that the emperor is chosen to rule by the laws of nature; if mandate is lost, the dynasty falls.

What is this? How did this boat move?

Sui Dynasty ( )

 China becoming an empire  Harsh Rulers- Wen Di and son, Yang Di  Forced labor to pay off debt  Help Spread Buddhism

Grand Canal

How was this canal made?

Great Wall of China

The Great Wall of China  Originally built during the Warring States Period (476 BC BC) to Ming Dynasty ( ) –(2,000 years) Dynasty  Was built to keep nomadic tribes (outsiders) from raiding China’s riches  Protected the Silk Road and traders

Review Questions   How did the Sui Dynasty govern China?   Emperors Wen Di and Yang Di are remembered for harsh rule.   Forced many peasants to fight in army or work on public works projects.

What belief systems did this dynasty encourage?   Encouraged the practices of Buddhism, Confucianism and Daoism.

Tang Dynasty ( )

Silk Road Reopens  The Tang Dynasty gave China its greatest expansion. Most significant expansion was in the West because it allowed the reopening of the Silk Road.

Tang Dynasty ( )  Silk Road reopened for trading w/ West  Culture & Technology flourish  Buddhism attacked b/c too powerful  Peasants chance to gain wealth

Tang Technology

More Technology  Fireworks  spaghetti

Silk Road Route

Song Dynasty ( )

 Problems w/ neighbors  Empire loses land  Govt. based on Civil Service Exam  Confucianism disapproves of merchants

Civil Service Exam

Examination hall with 7500 cells, Guangdong, 1873.

Yuan Dynasty ( )

 China under Mongolian rule—Kublai Khan  Maintained Chinese form of govt.; top officials foreigners  Chinese treated poorly  Marco Polo visits

Kublai Khan & Marco Polo

Ming Dynasty ( )

 Chinese rebel b/c of discrimination & high taxes  Emperor Hong Wu revives China: 1.Absolute power 2.Beats incompetent & corrupt officials 3.Civil Service Exam used again  Builds fleet to trade throughout Asia

Emperor Hong Wu (r )

Zheng He’s & Colombus’ Ships

Silk Road & Sea Routes

Forbidden City

Ming Legacy

Qing Dynasty ( )

 Manchurians invade & take over China  Imposed Manchu dress & hairstyles  Allows Christians to enter China; later throws them out  Europeans arrive, causes major problems

Emperors Kangxi &Qianlong

Europeans “Ocean Devils”

Relationship with Europeans  1516 Portuguese arrive  Chinese not prepared for Europeans  Portuguese rob Chinese ships  ”ocean devils”  Foreign countries can only trade if bow down to Emperor  Trade only 3 months of year  British demand more trade, China denies it, eventually leads to Opium Wars

People’s Republic of China (1912-Present)

Resources  8/27/06  Carr,Karen. “Kublai Khan.” 8/27/06 Portland State University  “Marco Polo.” 6/2/99 8/27/06  “Great Wall of China.” Great%20Wall%20ofr%20China%203.jpg 8/27/06 Great%20Wall%20ofr%20China%203.jpghttp:// Great%20Wall%20ofr%20China%203.jpg  “Grand Canal.” 8/27/06  “Chinese Printing Press.” 8/27/06 8/27/06http://library.thinkquest.org/23062/print4.jpg 8/27/06  “Chinese Paper.” 8/27/06  “Civil Service Exam.” 8/27/06  Google images maps of China

Resources  “Examination Cells.” 8/27/06  Ying, Qiu. “Civil Service Candidates.” c /27/06  “Hongwu Emperor.” 8/27/06  “Ming Vase.” 8/18/05  “Forbidden City.” 8/27/06  “Qianlong.” 8/27/06