The U.S. Enters the War Unit 3 Section 3 Part 2

A. American Isolationism U.S. was Isolationist in the 20s and 30s-did not want to get involved in another war U.S. was Isolationist in the 20s and 30s-did not want to get involved in another war U.S. not pacifist- people who do not believe in military force U.S. not pacifist- people who do not believe in military force FDR president of the U.S. FDR president of the U.S. When Hitler began taking over Europe, the U.S. passed the Neutrality Act, outlawed making loans to warring countries When Hitler began taking over Europe, the U.S. passed the Neutrality Act, outlawed making loans to warring countries

B. Balancing Isolationism and Intervention Italy invasion of Ethiopia disturbed FDR Italy invasion of Ethiopia disturbed FDR US cut off loans to both countries, though it only hurt Ethiopia US cut off loans to both countries, though it only hurt Ethiopia When Japan invaded China, FDR decided to speak out When Japan invaded China, FDR decided to speak out He compared the spread of war to the spread of disease He compared the spread of war to the spread of disease You cure disease by quarantining it (containing it) You cure disease by quarantining it (containing it) FDR urged the U.S. to work w/ peaceful countries and quarantine aggressive ones FDR urged the U.S. to work w/ peaceful countries and quarantine aggressive ones Called his Quarantine Speech Called his Quarantine Speech

C. Preparing for War As Hitler took over more countries, many U.S. citizens agreed w/ FDR As Hitler took over more countries, many U.S. citizens agreed w/ FDR FDR increased Navy size FDR increased Navy size When Hitler invaded Poland, Congress changed its mind When Hitler invaded Poland, Congress changed its mind They created a policy called the Cash and Carry policy They created a policy called the Cash and Carry policy Warring countries were allowed to purchase American goods, but had to pay cash Warring countries were allowed to purchase American goods, but had to pay cash also had to pick up the goods in American ports also had to pick up the goods in American ports German victories convinced FDR, he needed to do more German victories convinced FDR, he needed to do more Next policy, FDR urged “all aid short of war” Next policy, FDR urged “all aid short of war”

1. The Election of The Election of 1940 FDR gets reelected (4 th Term) against FDR gets reelected (4 th Term) against Congress passes the Lend-Lease Act Congress passes the Lend-Lease Act -allowed the U.S. to send weapons to Britain regardless of their ability to pay -allowed the U.S. to send weapons to Britain regardless of their ability to pay FDR also met w/ British P.M. Winston Churchill FDR also met w/ British P.M. Winston Churchill -signed the Atlantic Charter -signed the Atlantic Charter -agreement to work together do defeat Hitler -agreement to work together do defeat Hitler FDR had many critics (Charles Lindberg) FDR had many critics (Charles Lindberg) Hitler’s U-boats were also sinking U.S. ships, sending supplies to BR. Hitler’s U-boats were also sinking U.S. ships, sending supplies to BR. Still, America was trying to stay neutral Still, America was trying to stay neutral

D. Japan Attacks Japan had taken most of Northern China Japan had taken most of Northern China Now they threatened to invade Southern China Now they threatened to invade Southern China U.S. threatens them by saying if they did, we would stop sending them scrap metal and oil U.S. threatens them by saying if they did, we would stop sending them scrap metal and oil -two things they relied on -two things they relied on They invade and the U.S. cuts them off, which cripples their economy They invade and the U.S. cuts them off, which cripples their economy They need resources, but fear taking over further countries due to U.S. presence in the Pacific They need resources, but fear taking over further countries due to U.S. presence in the Pacific

1. The Attack on Pearl Harbor 1. The Attack on Pearl Harbor Dec. 7, 1941 Japan attacks Pearl Harbor Dec. 7, 1941 Japan attacks Pearl Harbor Lasted about 2 hours Lasted about 2 hours U.S. ships there were destroyed U.S. ships there were destroyed 2,400 Americans were dead 2,400 Americans were dead Caused a lot of fear about Japanese invading the U.S. Caused a lot of fear about Japanese invading the U.S. Roosevelt knew an attack was coming, but expected a declaration of war Roosevelt knew an attack was coming, but expected a declaration of war 2. American Reaction 2. American Reaction December 8, 1941, U.S. declares war on Japan December 8, 1941, U.S. declares war on Japan 3 days later, Germany and Italy declare war on the U.S. 3 days later, Germany and Italy declare war on the U.S.