Section 1.1.3 – “Inertia: Newton’s First Law of Motion” Sir Isaac Newton Inertia in space? How does that work? 7.P.1.2 Explain the effects of balanced and unbalanced forces acting on an object (including friction & gravity).

Prior Knowledge Take the tennis ball off of your desk. Throw the tennis ball into the air above your head. Catch the tennis ball on the way back down. Questions to Consider: I. What caused the ball to move up into the air? II. What caused the ball to fall down towards the student? III. Why did the ball stop when it got to the other student?

Lesson Objectives By the end of this lesson, students will be able to: I. Describe Newton’s First Law of Motion: Law of Inertia II. Use knowledge of forces and inertia to analyze how an object moves. The Penny Myth: Do you think that the penny will go through the concrete? Explain your reasoning? What force is forcing them penny back towards Earth?

Lesson Questions By the end of this lesson, students will be able to answer: I. Who is Isaac Newton, and what is Newton’s First Law of Motion? II. What does it mean when an object has “inertia”? III. How does an unbalanced force overcome objects inertia, and change the objects position over time? How do you think that the Mythbusters will crack this case? What methods do you think they will use?

I. Who is Isaac Newton, and what is Newton’s First Law of Motion? Sir Isaac Newton (1643 – 1727) Isaac Newton was an English physicist, mathematician, astronomer, natrual philosopher, alchemist, and theologian. - Famous For: I. Inventing Calculus (1666) II. Wrote “The Universal Arithmetic”, along with many other publishing's Including “The Philosophiae Naturalis” III. Defined the three laws of motion to predict the motions of the stars. Prezi on “Isaac Newton”

I. Who is Isaac Newton, and what is Newton’s First Law of Motion? Sir Isaac Newton (1643 – 1727) Isaac Newton discovered the three laws of motion: I. An object at rest will remain at rest unless acted on by an unbalanced force. An object in motion continues in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force (often called the law of inertia) II. Acceleration is produced when a force acts on a mass. The greater the mass (of the object being accelerated) the greater the amount of force needed (to accelerate the object). III. For every action there is an equal and opposite re-action. Isaac Newton and Apple Tree

Conclusion: Mythbusters Video Scientists use experiments everyday to test their hypotheses! How would you test the penny drop test? Explain your reasoning why you chose this way. What is the Final Conclusion within the penny drop test? Explain your reasoning. How can you compare this event with everyday life (think of storms/meteorology).

II. What does it mean when an object has “inertia”? When the forces on an object are balanced, the motion of the object will not change. This fact is described by Newton's first law, also called the law of inertia. An unbalanced force will disturb the inertia of an object. It will cause a stationary object to begin moving, or it will change the motion of a moving object. Balanced forces act on a book at rest on a table. You apply an unbalanced force when you lift the book. You also apply unbalanced forces when you kick a soccer ball, or when you push or pull open a door. StudyJams – Newton’s First Law: Law of Inertia

III. How does an unbalanced force overcome objects inertia, and change the objects position over time? Objects move due to forces that act on an object. When all the forces acting on an object are balanced, the object’s motion does not change. This phenomenon is described by Newton’s First Law of Motion, which states that an object at rest will stay at rest and an object in motion will continue moving in a straight line unless an unbalanced force acts on the object. This tendency to resist a change in motion is called inertia. It takes an unbalanced force to overcome inertia and change an object’s motion. Extra Credit: StudyJams – Gravity & Inertia Complete the StudyJams Test. To do this: I. Make a Pages Document II. Type out all the questions III. Type all the answers. E-mail to: lloydjm@rss.k12.nc.us

Small Group Instructional Activity: Marbles to Marbles This Investigation Worksheet can be found within the Weebly Class Website, or Class Schoology Website. Download the investigation worksheet, and we will work through it as a class. Make sure you group into 3 – 4 people.

Quick Review: I. Who is Isaac Newton, and what is Newton’s First Law of Motion? II. What does it mean when an object has “inertia”? III. How does an unbalanced force overcome objects inertia, and change the objects position over time?