Reading, writing and listening skills Professor Dr Wahengbam PS Al Waheed Department of Medicine MBBS,MD(PSM),MD(Medicine ) 10 AM TO 12 NOON (WEDNESDAY) 26 th SEPTEMBER 2012

Reading skills Reading a paper or a chapter S: Scan, Skim and Survey Q : Question What do I already know about this R: Read (Selectively) R: Recite R: Review SQ3 R Technique

Scan, Skim and Survey Read the title, the introduction, and the conclusion Read the title, the introduction again, all sub- headings, and the conclusion, again. Read the title, the introduction one more time, sub-headings, the first, second sentence and the last sentence of each paragraph, any italicized or boldfaced words, lists and the conclusion

Reading skills Improving reading speed Vertical (downward) eye movement, as opposed to horizontal or zigzag movement

Improving reading speed Direction of reading (Horizontal)

Improving reading speed Direction of reading (Zigzag)

Improving reading speed Direction of reading (Vertical)

Improving reading speed Direction of reading (Vertical with two column layout)

Improving reading speed Do not focus on every word, but rather look at groups of 2 to 3 words. Work on vocabulary improvement. If possible avoid moving your lips when reading

Writing skills

Note taking skills Note taking is challenging – Average rate of speaking-100 words per minute – Average rate of writing-about 30 words per minute Do not try to write every word mentioned by the lecturer Do not copy everything on the slide Be prepared and anticipate – Read before the lecture – Look for verbal and none verbal cues

Note taking skills Develop a system of abbreviations E.g DDHS, MOH, PHC,EPI, BCG Develop a system of symbols – → Leads to – ↑ increase – ↓ decrease – ≠ not equal – ≈ approximately – & and at – < less than – > more than – = equal – +ve positive – -ve negative – -ĉ with – Ě the

Summarizing information Lists Tables Diagrams

Summarizing information 1. Descriptive 2. Historical 3. Causal comparative 4. Analytical Tables EPI programme VaccineIndicationsContra- indications ScheduleAdverse effects

Listening skills Eliminate distractions Be prepared – Find out the topic – Read on the topic before the lecture – Listen for specific ideas Monitor emotions – Personal – Towards the lecturer Be an active listener – Take notes – Ask questions

Summary 1. Reading skills SQ3 R Technique Speed reading techniques – vertical, zig zag 2. Writing skills Note taking skills – Cornell method, abbreviations Summarising techniques 3. Listening skills Eliminate distractions, be prepared, monitor emotions, listen actively