Breast Cancer

Breast Cancer Overview The most common breast cancer starts in cells of the ducts. Breast cancer is the second most common cancer for women in the U.S. Reference 2

Breast Cancer Statistics Estimated new cases in 2015: 231,840 Estimated deaths in 2015: 40,290 2,300 new cases in men About 12.3% of women will be diagnosed with breast cancer during their lifetime In 2012, there were 2,975,314 women in the U.S. living with breast cancer 14% of all new cancer cases in the U.S. are breast cancer The most common age range for breast cancer is: 55-64

Risk Factors Older age Family history Drinking alcohol Exposure of breast tissue to estrogen Taking oral contraceptives Obesity

Signs of Breast Cancer First sign is often a lump or thickening of tissue in breast or underarm area Change in breast size or shape Pain or tenderness in breast Inward-turned nipple Fluid other than breast milk coming from nipple Red or swollen skin of breast, areola, or nipple Dimples in breast Reference 6

Tests Physical exam Clinical breast exam Mammogram Ultrasound MRI Blood chemistry studies Biopsy

Screening Guidelines Self exam Clinical exam Mammogram

Reference 7 Reference 8 Clinical Breast Exam Mammogram

Treatment Treatments are meant to remove the cancerous cells and to keep the cancer from coming back Surgery Radiation therapy Chemotherapy Hormone therapy Biological therapy

Reference 9 Surgery Radiation Therapy

Chemotherapy Hormone Therapy Reference 9

Self Breast Exam In the mirror 1. Stand in front of a mirror, undressed from the waist up; make sure there is good lighting 2. With arms relaxed at sides, look for changes in the size, shape, and position of breasts; look for dimpling, sores, and discoloration of skin and nipples Reference 10

Self Breast Exam In the mirror 3. Place hands on hips and press down firmly; look for changes 4. Raise arms above head and look for changes Reference 5

Self Breast Exam Lying down 1.Lie down and place arm behind your head 2.Using the pads of the first few fingers of the opposite hand, press down firmly on the breast 3.Move hand in small circular motion; make sure to cover the whole area from the collarbone to the top of the abdomen and from the armpit to cleavage Reference 5

Self Breast Exam In the Shower 1.In the shower, raise one hand behind your head and check for lumps the same way you did with lying down; it may be easier to use soap on your hands * If you find any changes or anything else that concerns you, consult your doctor Reference 5

Stages of Breast Cancer Stage5 year Survival Rate 093% I88% IIA81% IIB74% IIIA67% IIIB41% IIIC49% IV15%

Prevention Limit the amount of alcohol you drink Do not smoke Exercise regularly and keep a healthy diet Breast feed if possible Limit dose and duration of hormone therapy Avoid exposure to radiation and environmental pollution Reference 11

Prevention Be aware and in control of your health Know your body and be observant of changes Follow a calendar for the routine checkups appropriate for your age Work with your doctor for what is best for you

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References 1."Breast Cancer and the Breast Self-Exam." WebMD. WebMD, Web. 02 June "Breast Cancer." National Cancer Institute. National Cancer Institute, n.d. Web. 02 June "WebMD Breast Cancer Center: Types, Symptoms, Causes, Genes, Staging, Tests, and Treatments." WebMD. WebMD, n.d. Web. 02 June "Basic Information About Breast Cancer." Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 18 Nov Web. 02 June "The Five Steps of a Breast Self-Exam." Breastcancer.org. N.p., 4 Mar Web. 02 June "Symptoms and Signs :: The National Breast Cancer Foundation." National Breast Cancer Foundation. National Breast Cancer Foundation, n.d. Web. 02 June “Mammogram." National Breast Cancer Foundation. National Breast Cancer Foundation, n.d. Web. 02 June “Clinical Breast Exam." National Breast Cancer Foundation. National Breast Cancer Foundation, n.d. Web. 02 June “Treatment." National Breast Cancer Foundation. National Breast Cancer Foundation, n.d. Web. 02 June “Breast Self-Exam." National Breast Cancer Foundation. National Breast Cancer Foundation, n.d. Web. 02 June “Healthy Habits." National Breast Cancer Foundation. National Breast Cancer Foundation, n.d. Web. 02 June 2015.