Chapter 16 INTEREST GROUPS. Short Answers What do interest groups do? How did American interests groups develop? What makes interest groups successful.

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 16 INTEREST GROUPS

Short Answers What do interest groups do? How did American interests groups develop? What makes interest groups successful (or influential)? Opinion – Should the government regulate interest group activity? Why or why not?

Interest Groups – 3 qualities 1)Organized 2)United - Shared agenda / common concerns 3) Influence – public policy

Government’s Role Balance the claims of diverse and competing interests

Political Parties VS Interest Groups Close to center (on political spectrum) Mainstream Liberal and Conservative in identity Specialized

Goals of Interest Groups 1)Win over Gov’t support 2)Defeat competition of conflicting groups

Rise of the Interest Group State 1960 – Today 1) Civil Rights Mvmt & Anti-Vietnam protests 2) Gov’t Corruption 3) Tech & Communication

Pendulum Swing of Political Activity Liberal 60s & 70s Conservative 80s & 90s Present day – Business Groups dominate the scene

In the most general sense… An interest group strives to represent the desires of its members

Trade Associations Represent a specific industry Multiple corporations or small businesses join together for increased leverage and influence

Governmental interest groups GOAL * Win grants and gain resources from federal grants and organizations *

Economic VS Public Economic interests GOAL Financial gain of members Non-profits GOAL Betterment of society Collective interest or the general welfare

Emergence of Interest Groups Factors 1)Diversity of nation – demographics 2)Individualism – hallmark of US culture 3)Political Tradition - Constitution & Limited Fed Gov’t

Interest Group – Budget Salaries Infrastructure Lobbying Court costs (litigation Recruitment of members Recruitment of leaders Research Advertisement / marketing Campaign contributions

Interest Group Membership 1)Leaders 2)Participants 3)Members

Free Riders Benefit from interest group achievements without participating or belonging to the group

Lobbyists INFORM & PERSUADE Lawmakers

Why do Reps & Senators meet with lobbyists? Government officials rely on specialized information & dependable research of interest group professionals Effective lobbyists maintain strong reputations

Executive Lobbying Access points – President – Executive Bureaucracy – Presidential Staff Lobbyists seek to influence two aspects of legislation – Formation – Implementation

Revolving Door Representatives and Senators use political career as a pathway to lucrative lobbying positions

Lobbying the Courts National level / Supreme Court Cases SC justice nominations – Testify / Statements in confirmation process SC cases – Direct sponsorship of high-profile cases – Submit “Friend of the Court” statements on cases that have reach the highest court