Soil Physics—Past, Present, and Future

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Presentation transcript:

Soil Physics—Past, Present, and Future

Henry Darcy France Engineer Water delivery and treatment Darcy’s Law for saturated flow in porous media (1856) See Dr. Glenn Brown’s website for additional information. http://biosystems.okstate.edu/darcy/index.htm http://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Darcy

Robert Warington England Professor of Rural Economy First soil physics book, 1900

Lyman Briggs United States Physicist, USDA Bureau of Soils “The mechanics of soil moisture”, 1897 Three types of water Gravitation Capillary Hygroscopic Head of “The Uranium Committee”, 1939 Lyman James Briggs, 1874-1963 Source: http://www.nap.edu/readingroom.php?book=biomems&page=lbriggs.html

Edgar Buckingham United States Physicist, Bureau of Soils “Studies on the movement of soil moisture”, 1907 Introduced “capillary potential”, “conductivity”, and moisture diffusivity Showed that capillary potential and conductivity were functions of soil moisture Extended Darcy’s law to unsaturated flow Buckingham -theorem of dimensional analysis Edgar Buckingham, 1867-1940 Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edgar_Buckingham

Willard Gardner Utah State Univ. Physicist Developed the tensiometer, 1922 Developed first pde for horizontal, unsaturated flow, 1920 Introduced Don Kirkham and many others to soil physics http://web.idrc.ca/fr/ev-42826-201-1-DO_TOPIC.html

Lorenzo Richards Utah State Univ., Iowa State Univ., and USDA Salinity Lab at Riverside, CA Physicist “Capillary conduction of liquids through porous mediums”, 1931 Introduced the Richards equation still used today Later helped define “field capacity” and “permanent wilting point” http://www.hydrowiki.psu.edu/wiki/index.php/Richards,_L.A.

John R. Philip Australia Civil Engineer “The theory of infiltration”, seven papers, 1957-58 Pioneered analytical solutions for infiltration “Moisture movement in porous materials under temperature gradients”, 1957 with de Vries John R. Philip, 1927-1999 http://www.bgu.ac.il/cwst/transport.htm

Don Kirkham Iowa State University Joint appointment in physics and in soils Pioneered the application of soil water theory to agricultural drainage, 1950-1970 Developed method to determine soil moisture by neutron scattering with Wilford Gardner Namesake of the annual Kirkham Award Don Kirkham, 1908-1998

Don and Betty Kirkham Award Recipients Year Name Institution Research highlights 1998 Rien van Genuchten USDA Salinity Lab Soil hydraulic functions 1999 Bill Jury UC Riverside Transfer function models 2000 Brent Clothier HortResearch, NZ Field measurement techniques 2001 Dani Or Utah State, Uconn, and now ETH, Zurich Pore scale phenomena 2002 Bob Horton Iowa State Univ. Coupled heat, water, and solute transport 2003 Jan Hopmans UC Davis Lab techniques for soil hydraulic characterization 2004 Laj Ahuja USDA Fort Collins Root Zone Water Quality Model 2005 Jirka Simunek HYDRUS 2006 Per Moldrup Aalborg Univ., Denmark Gas diffusion 2007 Yakov Pachepsky USDA Beltsville Pedotransfer functions

Where do soil physicists publish?

The Future of Soil Physics ?