17 Making Social Policy

Video: The Big Picture 17 IA_1/polisci/presidency/Magleby_Ch17_Making_Social_Poli cy_Seg1_v2.html

Outline the goals of the federal government’s social policy and the forms of protection it provides Outline the evolution of social policy throughout the twentieth century Learning Objectives

Evaluate the current status of and challenges for federal government policy in the areas of health care, education, and crime Learning Objectives

Video: The Basics IA_1/polisci/presidency/Seg2_SocialPolicy_v2.html 17

I. The Role of the Federal Government in Social Policy Our country is experiencing profound economic and social changes due to globalization and technological innovations. New problems that cannot be solved by individuals, states, or the private market have been created therefore the federal government has had to step in. The debate is how much should the federal government be responsible for which has led to extreme polarization 17.1

II. The Goals of Social Policy 17.1 A. Social safety net: determined by need for the aged, ill, disabled, & and victims of economic instability and family disintegration 1. Supports those adversely by affected by economic or social factors 2. Unemployment insurance/payroll taxes 3. School lunches 4. Medicaid B. Quality of life for all citizens: distributed by population 1. Education 2. Environment 3. Infrastructure

B. Types of Protection 1. Public Assistance/Welfare (means-tested entitlement programs) A. job training, subsidies, food aid, tax credits, etc. 2. Corporate welfare A. subsidies, bailouts 3. Middle-Class welfare a. student grants, home-buyer,interest tax deductions 4. Social Insurance (based on past-service or pre-payments) a. veterans benefit, payroll taxes, 17.1

TABLE 17.1: Federal Payments to Individuals, 2012 (in billions) 17.1

17.1 In which of the following must applicants meet eligibility requirements based on need? 17.1 a.Means-tested programs b.Entitlements c.Veterans’ benefits d.Government pensions

17.1 In which of the following must applicants meet eligibility requirements based on need? 17.1 a.Means-tested programs b.Entitlements c.Veterans’ benefits d.Government pensions

II. The Expansion of Social Policy in the Twentieth Century The financial and social devastation caused by the Great Depression compelled the federal government to expand the scope of its social policy. 17.2

Video: In Context IA_1/polisci/presidency/Seg3_SocialPolicy_v2.htmltml

A. The New Deal 1. New legislation was passed in “the first 100 days” that provided grants to the poor and create work programs. 2. Joblessness recognized as a societal problem. 3. Social Security enacted to provide minimum income for the poor particularly the elderly 17.2

Civilian Conservation Corps

A. The New Deal 1. Aid to Families with Dependent children (AFDC) 2. School lunch program 3. Federal Disability Insurance funded through payroll deductions 4. Unemployment insurance funded through payroll deductions 17.2

B. The Great Society 1.Initiated by LBJ and Democratic Congress in the mid-1960s a. Medicaid and Medicare b. Head Start c. Food Stamp Program d. Supplemental Security Income e. Housing assistance 17.2

School lunch

C. Reforming Welfare 1. President Clinton & Temporary Assistance for needy families (TANF) a.Dramatically reduced unemployment benefits b. Welfare reduced to 5 years of a person’s lifetime c. Provided job training requirements 17.2

17.2 Which president oversaw the New Deal series of programs? 17.2 a.Lyndon Johnson b.Barack Obama c.Theodore Roosevelt d.Franklin Roosevelt

17.2 Which president oversaw the New Deal series of programs? 17.2 a.Lyndon Johnson b.Barack Obama c.Theodore Roosevelt d.Franklin Roosevelt

Video: Thinking Like a Political Scientist IA_1/polisci/presidency/Seg4_SocialPolicy_v2.html 17.2

III. Social Policy Challenges for the Future: Health, Education, and Crime -Prime challenge of the US, or any, government is the ability to afford the vast social safety net. -Life expectancies are growing and a mass retirement of Baby Boomers looms, causing concerns over the government’s ability to afford social programs. -Problem is compounded by the amount of money being spent paying down the interest on the public debt. 17.3

A. The Federal Role in Health Care 1. Health Care has quadrupled since 1970’s a. Costs are passed on to both employers and employees b. Increasing costs of medical technology Patient Protection and Affordable Health Care Act a. everyone required to have health insurance (tax) b. coverage can’t be denied for preexisting conditions c. expanded coverage for children to age 26 d. expansion of Medicare

FIGURE 17.1: Changing Priorities in the Federal Budget 17.3

FIGURE 17.2: HEALTH CARE COSTS PER PERSON, 1960–

FIGURE 17.3: WHERE THE HEALTH CARE DOLLER WAS SPENT,

Explore Social Policy: Is Health Care a Public Good? p_25/pex/pex17.html 17.3

Explore the Simulation: You Are an OMB Staff Member _1/2013_mpsl_sim/simulation.html?simulaURL=

B. The Federal Role in Education 1. State and local authorities mostly responsible for elementary and secondary Education a. Head Start b No Child Left Behind Act 2. Higher Education a. Pell grants 17.3

Knowledge is Power Program (KIPP).

Video: In the Real World IA_1/polisci/presidency/Seg5_SocialPolicy_v2.html 17.3

C. Federal Role in Crime Control 1.Protect the general welfare by protecting citizens 2.Primarily state and local matter 3.Department of Justice and the FBI enforce Federal laws USA Patriot Act enacted to fight terrorism 17.3

D. Politics of Social Policy 1. Most Americans approve of government benefits for low-income through no fault of their own 2. The depth of government involvement is a political question 3. Like many political questions, public is split and partisan on social policy issues 17.3

17.3 Which of the following gave the government greater authority in investigating and prosecuting terrorism? 17.3 a.Taft-Hartley Act b.USA PATRIOT Act c.National Security Act d.Federal Intelligence Surveillance Act

17.3 Which of the following gave the government greater authority in investigating and prosecuting terrorism? 17.3 a.Taft-Hartley Act b.USA PATRIOT Act c.National Security Act d.Federal Intelligence Surveillance Act

Discussion Question Do you agree or disagree with the level of U.S. government involvement in social policy? Why? What effect does partisan politics play in social policy-making? 17

Video: So What? IA_1/polisci/presidency/Magleby_Ch17_Making_Social_Poli cy_Seg6_v2.html 17

Further Review: On MyPoliSciLab  Listen to the Chapter  Study and Review the Flashcards  Study and Review the Practice Tests 17