Cell count with Hemocytometer Viability of the cells

Hemocytometer is a specially designed glass slide with a 0 Hemocytometer is a specially designed glass slide with a 0.1 mm³ chamber and counting grid for determining the number of cells per unit volume of suspension . Hemocytometers are thicker than those for conventional microscopy . It is used for microbiology , cell culture and many applications that require use of suspensions of cells it is necessary to determine cell concentration one can often determine cell density of suspension spectrophotometrically however that from of determination dose not allow an assessment of cell viability . Principle : it is used by putting the cover slip on the device and filling the space with a liquid containing the cells you want to count , The fluid is usually drawn into the space by capillary action .

The  device used for determining the number of cells per unit volume of a suspension is called a counting chamber. It is the widely used type of chamber, since it was mainly designed for performing blood cell counts. Now it is used to count other types of cells and other microscopic particles as well.

The hemocytometer was invented by Louis-Charles Malassez The hemocytometer was invented by Louis-Charles Malassez. This is a  special type of  microscope slide consists of two chambers,  which is divided into nine (1.0mm x 1.0mm) large squares which is  separated from one another by triple lines. The area of each is 1mm².  Cover glass is supported over the chambers at a height of 0.1mm. Because of that  the entire counting grid lies under the  volume of 0.9 mm² on one side. The cell suspensions are introduced into  the cover glass. The hemocytometer is placed on the microscope stage and counted the cell suspension.

Glass microscope slide consists of rectangular indentation that creates an 'H' shaped chamber at the centre. This chamber is engraved with laser-etched grid of perpendicular lines. Two counting areas with ruled grids are separated by the horizontal groove of the 'H'. There is also a very flat, reusable cover slip. The glass cover slip is held at 0.1 mm above the surface of the counting areas by ground glass ridges on either side of the vertical grooves of the H shape. The device is carefully crafted so that the area bounded by the depth and  lines  of the chamber is also known. Because the height is constant, the volume of fluid above each square of the grid is known with precision.

The hemocytometer is used by putting the cover slip on the device, and filling the space with a liquid containing the cells you want to count. There is a "V" or notch at either end which is the place where the cell suspension is loaded into the hemocytometer. The fluid is usually drawn into the space by capillary action. A cover glass, which is placed on the sample, does not simply float on the liquid, but is held in place at a specified height. In addition to the grid arrangement of squares of different sizes, allows for an easy counting of cells. It is possible to identify the number of cells in a specified volume by using this way.

The ruled area of the hemocytometer consists of several, large, 1 x 1 mm (1mm² ) squares, which are subdivided in three ways; 0.25 x 0.25 mm (0.0625 mm²), 0.25 x 0.20 mm (0.05 mm²) and 0.20 x 0.20 mm (0.04 mm²). The central, 0.20 x 0.20 mm marked, 1 x 1 mm square is further subdivided into 0.05 x 0.05 mm (0.0025 mm²) squares. Hold the cover slip(  0.1 mm)  at the raised edges of hemocytometer, which gives each square a defined volume.

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