LIZA GROENENDIJK, DEALING WITH NATURAL DISASTERS: COMPETENCES OF THE LAND PROFESSIONAL

Aim of the session  Exploring the challenges of the land professional in disaster risk reduction and management competences and training needs INTRODUCTION 2

OUTLINE OF THE SESSION 3  Definitions  Disaster Risk Reduction  The surveyor as land professional  Analysis  Themes of the FIG-ISPRS Nepal Workshop  FIG Publication 65, The surveyor’s role in monitoring, mitigating and adapting to climate change.  Discussion  Conclusion  New competences for the land professional?

 The systematic process of using administrative directives, organizations, and operational skills and capacities to implement strategies, policies and improved coping capacities in order to lessen the adverse impacts of hazards and the possibility of disaster.  Disaster risk management (DRM) aims to avoid, lessen or transfer the adverse effects of hazards through activities and measures for prevention, mitigation and preparedness. United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR). Terminology, DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT (DRM) 4

 The concept and practice of reducing disaster risks through systematic efforts to analyse and manage the causal factors of disasters, including through reduced exposure to hazards, lessened vulnerability of people and property, wise management of land and the environment, and improved preparedness for adverse events.  Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) aims to reduce the damage caused by natural hazards like earthquakes, floods, droughts and cyclones, through an ethic of prevention. DISASTER RISK REDUCTION (DRR) 5

 Disaster risk reduction includes disciplines like disaster management, disaster mitigation and disaster preparedness, but DRR is also part of sustainable development.  In order for development activities to be sustainable they must also reduce disaster risk. United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR). Terminology, 2009 DISASTER RISK REDUCTION (DRR) 6

 Major technological developments changed the surveying profession  GPS, GNSS  GIS, Land Information Systems  Mobile and web applications; apps; open source; the crowd  Client orientation  Need for management skills  New application fields, e.g: disaster risk reduction  Broadening the scope: from surveyor to land professional?  Including related land administration and land management professionals?  The surveyor as land professional Enemark & Williamson, 2004; Enemark, 2008, 2009, 2010; Magel et al. 2009; Mitchel & Enemark, DEFINING THE LAND PROFESSIONAL 7

The surveyor is a practical, pragmatic, people-centric person, skilled in spatial measurement, able to represent, interpret and analyze spatial information, highly knowledgeable in the administration and governance of rights to the land and sea, and capable of planning for the development and use of land resources. The surveyor’s role in monitoring, mitigating and adapting to climate change. FIG Publication 65, 2014 SURVEYOR AS A LAND PROFESSIONAL DEFINED 8

 2011: FIG Climate Change Task Force established  2014: Publication 65. The surveyor’s role in monitoring, mitigating and adapting to climate change.  Analysis of the ways surveyors can partner with global, regional and States in confronting and responding to the climate change challenge  Many findings in this publication have been found relevant in the context of this workshop FIG PUBLICATION 65 9

 Design of resilient urban communities and settlements  Administration and use of rural areas  Management of peri-urban areas  Management of coastal zones  The use of forest resources  Establishment of carbon credit market  Development large scale agriculture  Development and use water resources  Construction of physical infrastructure  Use and conservation of energy  Spread of diseases SURVEYOR’S APPLICATION AREAS 10

 Land administration systems  Securing land tenure for vulnerable groups  Administering hazard-prone areas  Rights, restrictions and responsibilities  Spatial monitoring and measuring  Core skills of a surveyor  Positioning and measurement  Stable global reference system  Contribute to climate change monitoring and adaptation SURVEYOR’S ROLE CLIMATE CHANGE CHALLENGES 11

 Spatial information management  Data collection  Digital photogrammetry, cartographic digitization and scanning, radar and sonar based imaging systems and LIDAR  Higher levels of resolution  Data management  Integration of social, economic, environmental and geographic data  Detailed topographic and thematic maps  Data interpretation  Handling of spatial data infrastructure SURVEYOR’S ROLE CLIMATE CHANGE CHALLENGES 12

 Land use planning  Access to and use of land  Enforcement of regulations and policies  Resilient communities  Decision-support systems  Adaptation and Disaster Risk Management SURVEYOR’S ROLE CLIMATE CHANGE CHALLENGES 13

SURVEYOR’S ROLE DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT CYCLE Risk identification and assessment 2. Knowledge management 3. Political commitment and institutional development 4. Application of risk reduction measures 5. Early warning 7. Recovery and reconstruction 6. Disaster preparedness and emergency management Surveyors

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 Building resilient communities and regions  Land tenure regularization  Fit-for-purpose land administration  Disaster risk mitigation  Climate change impact and monitoring  Disaster risk assessments  Disaster risk governance  Land slide susceptibility information  Predict soil erosion damage due to land slides  Earthquake prediction THEMES IN THE WORKSHOP MITIGATION AND PREPAREDNESS 16

 Disaster Response  Emergency management  Post disaster information management  Disaster information dissemination  Post disaster quick assessment  Policy mobility  Institutional cooperation for information exchange  Damage detection and management  Land cover change detection THEMES IN THE WORKSHOP RELIEF AND RESPONSE 17

 Disaster recovery  Reconstruction planning  Land governance post-disaster  Urban disaster management  Post Disaster Scenarios THEMES IN THE WORKSHOP RECOVERY AND RECONSTRUCTION 18

 Geospatial technologies  Geospatial Information  Geographical Information System  Geospatial Portal TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES IN THE WORKSHOP GEOSPATIAL INFORMATION 19

 Land cover change with ALOS/ALOS-2 L-band data  Dasymetric Mapping of Census Data  UAV’s  High Resolution DSM using UAV Images  Open technologies  Open street map (OMS)  Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES IN THE WORKSHOP RISK MAPPING AND MONITORING 20

 Location based social media posts  Social networking services (eg. twitter)  Standardized hash-tagged and location aware tweets  Real time analytics of big data  Web-GIS Based Landslide Susceptibility Information System  Web portals  Geofencing  Mobile phones and apps TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES IN THE WORKSHOP POST DISASTER INFORMATION MANAGEMENT 21

 Lidar  3D technologies  Geosensing Graduate Research and Education  Image based modelling TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES IN THE WORKSHOP GEODETIC IMAGING FOR EARLY WARNING 22

 Spatial Data Infrastructure  Spatial Data Infrastructure in Monitoring  Geospatial Portal as an important SDI building block  Spatial Data Infrastructure as a tool to strengthening cooperation TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES IN THE WORKSHOP SPATIAL DATA INFRASTRUCTURE 23

 LADM  STDM  Low cost land surveying and registration  Continuum of land rights TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES IN THE WORKSHOP LAND ADMINISTRATION AND CADASTER 24

 Spatially Enabled Decision Support  Participatory land use planning TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES IN THE WORKSHOP LAND USE PLANNING 25

 check position of ground control points  precise leveling and gravimetric observations  topographic map revision  Use of LiDAR, digital photogrammetric and remote sensing techniques TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES IN THE WORKSHOP MONITORING AND CHECKING OF CONTROL POINTS 26

 Disaster risk governance  Land governance  Participatory governance TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES IN THE WORKSHOP GOVERNANCE 27

 2011: FIG Climate Change Task Force established  2014: Publication 65. The surveyor’s role in monitoring, mitigating and adapting to climate change.  Analysis of the may ways surveyors can partner with global, regional and States in confronting and responding to the climate change challenge  Many findings in this publication have been found relevant in the context of this workshop FIG PUBLICATION 65 28

 Design of resilient urban communities and settlements  Administration and use of rural areas  Management of peri-urban areas  Management of coastal zones  The use of forest resources  Establishment of carbon credit market  Development large scale agriculture  Development and use water resources  Construction of physical infrastructure  Use and conservation of energy  Spread of diseases SURVEYOR’S APPLICATION AREAS 29

NEW COMPETENCES DISASTER RISK REDUCTION 30 Main competences of the surveyor as land professional in disaster risk reduction? New competences of the surveyor as land professional in disaster risk reduction ?

NEW COMPETENCES DISASTER RISK REDUCTION 31 Main competences of the surveyor as land professional in disaster risk reduction? New competences of the surveyor as land professional in disaster risk reduction ?

NEW COMPETENCES DISASTER RISK REDUCTION 32 Main competences of the surveyor as land professional in disaster risk reduction? New competences of the surveyor as land professional in disaster risk reduction ?

NEW COMPETENCES DISASTER RISK REDUCTION 33 Thank you. Ir. E.M.C Groenendijk (Liza) Chair FIG Commission 2 Course Coordinator Land Administration Faculty of Geo-information Science and Earth Observation (ITC) University of Twente. The Netherlands Tel.: +31 (0)

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