Physical Development By Jessica Rodriguez

Seminar Agenda  Learning Outcomes  Unit 4 Assignments  Unit 4 Content  Questions

Unit 4 LEARNING OUTCOMES By the end of Unit 4, you should be able to 1. Discuss physical growth and development patterns of school-aged students 2. Explain how teachers can help developmentally delayed students in an educational setting 3. Identify the importance of physical activity and organized sports for school-age students 4. Discuss the long-term impact the Educational Paraprofessional can have on students

Unit 4 Assignments  Complete Readings  View Video  Participate in the Discussion thread  Either attend Seminar OR complete Seminar Option 2

Question: Drawing upon your experiences with infants, what are some physical milestones for birth to age 2?

Physical and Motor Development Milestones  Birth to 1 year Follows a moving object with eyes Rolls over Sits with support Crawls Stands Holds bottle and uses fingers to feed self Walks with support (or may walk alone) Uses thumb and forefinger to grasp objects

Physical and Motor Development Milestones  1 year to 2 years Walk with balance and coordination’ Manipulate smaller objects Run Jump Climb Begin self-help behaviors

Field Trip:  Go to the Information Pod.  Click on the “Babies Safety” link.  Choose “at home,” “at play,” or “on the way.”  Review the information on come back ready to discuss.

Question: What safety tips did you read about that are relevant to this stage of development?

Question: How can we ensure that toys and games are safe and promote physical/motor development in infants?

Promote Physical Development through Toys and Games  Provide age appropriate toys  Check toys daily for safety  Sanitize toys regularly  Provide toys that stimulate senses (hearing, seeing, touch)  Avoid over-stimulation

Question: Drawing upon your experiences with young children, what are some physical milestones for ages 2-6

Gross Motor Skills Ages 2-6  Gross motor skills  Runs  Climbs and descends stairs  Swings  Hops  Balances  Kicks and throws balls  Dances  Pretends

Fine Motor Skills Ages 2-6  Fine motor skills  Uses writing tools  Cuts with scissors  Builds  Feeds  Dresses  Works puzzles  Strings beads

Field Trip:  Go to the Information Pod.  Click on the “Little Kids Safety” link.  Choose “at home,” “at play,” or “on the way.”  Review the information on come back ready to discuss.

Question: What safety tips did you read about that are relevant to this stage of development?

Middle Childhood Development Middle Childhood (Ages 6-10)  Steady growth in height and weight  Loss and replacement of primary teeth  Fine and gross motor skills become more developed and refined  Interest in organized sports  More sensitive about physical appearance

Question: How would you promote physical development for children at this stage?

Field Trip:  Go to the Information Pod.  Click on the “Big Kids Safety” link.  Choose “at home,” “at play,” or “on the way.”  Review the information on come back ready to discuss.

Question: What safety tips did you read about that are relevant to this stage of development?

Adolescence Development  Early Adolescence (Ages 10-14)  Puberty  Growth spurt  Acne  Mood swings  Late Adolescence (Ages 14-18)  Growth spurt ends (girls)  Ongoing growth spurt (boys)  Appetites increase (boys)  Sexual maturity

Field Trip:  Go to the Information Pod.  Click on the “Pre-Teens and Teens Safety” link.  Choose “at home,” “at play,” or “on the way.”  Review the information on come back ready to discuss.

Question: What safety tips did you read about that are relevant to this stage of development?

Teacher’s Role in Development  Infancy (Birth-Age 2) Provide choices to help children practice developing fine and gross motor skills Allow time for children to reach milestones on their own timetable  Early Childhood (Ages 2-6) Provide frequent opportunities to play outside or large indoor space Provide physical exercise, rest, and quiet time Choose activities that allow for variety in gross and fine motor skills  Middle Childhood (Ages 6-10) Integrate physical movement and academic activities Teach children the basics of various sports and games Encourage practice of fine motor skills

Teacher’s Role in Development  Early Adolescence (Ages 10-14) Present yourself as a steward of good citizenship Encourage involvement in after-school related clubs and activities Discuss sexual harassment and do not tolerate it any form Warn students of the consequences of risky behaviors  Late Adolescence (Ages 14-18) Be sensitive to sexual topics and discourage risky sexual behavior Encourage the formation of goals for the future

Physical Well-Being How would you promote physical well-being in children?

Good Eating Habits  Start at birth  Studies show children eat too many foods with high-fat, high sodium, and not enough good foods  Include high fiber, whole grains, fruits, vegetables, low fat, dairy

Physical Well-Being How can we nurture healthy eaters?

Field Trip:  Go to the Information Pod.  Click on the “Fun Food” link.  Browse through the photo gallery.  Share a recipe that appeals to you!

Physical Activity  Important for overall physical well- being  Exercise can help maintain physical fitness  Reduce the probability of children becoming obese and develop of life threatening diseases

Guidelines for Physical Activity  Be proactive  Provide appropriate equipment and guidance so children can safely engage in physical activity  Make exercise an enjoyable activity  Plan physical activities with diversity in mind  Focus on self-improvement rather than on comparison with peers  Make sure that children don’t overdo it

Case Study Case Study – Tom and Phillip established a baseball league in their town 1.What is your opinion on the initiative of the boys in the case study? 2.What benefits do organized sports offer? Explain your answer. 3.Share any experiences you have had with organized sports as a school-age child or as an adult.