BASIC CONCEPTS OF CHEMISTRY. WHAT IS THE GOAL OF SCIENCE?

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Chapter 2 Matter.
Advertisements

The Organization of Matter
Matter: Properties & Change
An Introduction to Chemistry Foundations of College Chemistry, 14 th Ed. Morris Hein and Susan Arena The vibrant colors of the aurora borealis are the.
MATTER AND CHANGE.
Matter and Change Matter and Change Matter and Its Properties] Matter and Its Properties]
Chapter 2 Matter and Energy.
Basic Concepts: Matter and Measurement Introduction: The scientific method Macro and Particulate Concepts Goals: 1.Classify matter. 2.Recognize elements,
Matter Chapter 2.
Basic Concepts of Chemistry Chapter Chemistry and Its Methods Scientific Method Hypotheses Laws Theories.
Chemistry Chapter 3 Notes #1. States of Matter Be able to describe solid, liquid, and gases in terms of shape, volume, and particle arrangement! Be able.
Chapter 1 Review Megan Do & Matt Choi. The Study of Chemistry Chemistry is the study of properties of materials and changes that they undergo. Can be.
TOPIC 1 CHEMISTRY: THE STUDY OF MATTER MRS. PAGE CHEM
Unit 2: Properties of Matter. The Goals… Define Matter Define Matter Calculate and understand density Calculate and understand density Describe viscosity.
Chapter 1 Introduction to Chemistry
Matter & Change. MATTER CLASSIFICATION Try to Answer the Following Questions 1. A compound is formed by… a.A single element b.Two or more atoms c.Two.
Introduction Matter and Change
Matter and Change.
Jeffrey Mack California State University, Sacramento.
Introduction to Chemistry
Physical and Chemical Changes Pure Substances Mixtures States of Matter.
STAAR Chemistry Review Topic: Matter and its properties TEKS – The student knows the characteristics of matter and can analyze the relationships between.
Chemistry in Everything Find the chemistry!. What does matter look like?
Do not copy any notes in light green lettering! Macroscopic – what you can see with the naked eye Microscopic – what you would see if you could see individual.
Branches of Science Matter Vocab. Physical or Chemical Changes? $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $400 $500.
Chemistry: The Study of Change General Chemistry I CHM 111 Dr Erdal OnurhanSlide 1 Some Definitions First CHEMISTRY studies MATTER. MATTER is anything.
Unit 1. Matter and Change. Do Now:  What are the State of Matter?
Matter Bingo General Chemistry. Phase Change  Solid to liquid.
MassMass Is a measure of the amount of matter. Mass is the measurement you make using a balance.
Chemistry The Study of Matter. Chemistry is the study of matter and their interactionsChemistry is the study of matter and their interactions –The substances.
The Study of Matter. What is chemistry? Chemistry: the study of matter and the transformation it undergoes Matter: anything that has mass and takes up.
Chapter Two Notes. Types of Properties Extensive properties – depend on the amount of material in a substance – examples: mass and volume Intensive properties.
Chemistry, Matter & Properties What is Chemistry? Chemistry is the study of the properties and behavior of matter Matter is anything that has mass and.
What is mass? TRUE or FALSE? An crystalline solid has a distinct melting point.
Matter and Energy Chapter 1 & 2 vocabulary Chemistry.
Matter and Change Chapter Two. How do we describe matter? Extensive Properties depends on the amount of matter in a sample Intensive Properties depends.
Chapter 2 Matter and Change 2.1 Properties of Matter 2.2 Mixtures
Dictionary Assignment By John Li 11 A. Qualitative Information  Data can be observed but not measured  For example, today is very hot is one of the.
1 Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures. 2 What is Matter?  Matter is anything that has mass and volume.  All matter is composed of tiny particles.  Arrangement.
Basic Concepts of Chemistry
Matter and Change Chapter 1. Ch. 1.2 Matter and Its Properties  Mass of deflated balloon _______________  Mass of inflated balloon ________________.
Chapter 2 Matter and Change 2.1 Properties of Matter 2.2 Mixtures
Chapter 1 Section 2 Matter and Its Properties Matter
Ch. 1 - Matter I. Properties & Changes in Matter (p.2-7)
Kinetic Particle Theory
Chapter 1 Matter and Change.
Department of Petroleum and Mining
Chapter 3 Matter NOTES (LT3)
Chapter 1: Matter and Change
Chapter 2 Matter and Change 2.1 Properties of Matter 2.2 Mixtures
Answer: scientific method
Which do you think would have the greater mass and greater volume? Why? 1 kg of rock 1 kg of feathers.
Chapter 1.3 Physical and Chemical Changes and Properties
Substances Matter that has the same composition and properties throughout is called a substance. When different elements combine, other substances are.
Matter and Change Chemistry.
Do Now 8/29/2016 Explain how a compound is different from a mixture.
What’s the Matter? Introduction to Chemistry Ch
Matter.
Chapter 1 Matter Matter - anything that has mass and takes up space
Chemistry Matter and Change.
Chapter 1 Matter.
Chemistry.
Physical Science Chapter 16
It All Matters (It’s all Matter).
All About Matter.
Chemistry The Study of Matter.
1.2 Matter and Its Properties
Properties, Changes, and Classification of Matter
What’s in the Bubbles? Anna is boiling water in a double neck flask. She notices that bubbles forming on the bottom of the flask rise to the top and wonders.
Substances, Mixtures, Properties and Changes of Matter
Presentation transcript:

BASIC CONCEPTS OF CHEMISTRY

WHAT IS THE GOAL OF SCIENCE?

HYPOTHESIS, LAW AND THEORY A hypothesis is a tentative explanation based on observations. A hypothesis is a tentative explanation based on observations. If you notice that a particular student tends to get an 88 on tests, you might hypothesize that they will score an 88 on the next test. If you notice that a particular student tends to get an 88 on tests, you might hypothesize that they will score an 88 on the next test. A law can be verbal or mathematical statement that describes something consistently observed in nature without contradiction. A law can be verbal or mathematical statement that describes something consistently observed in nature without contradiction. If the students in fact scores an 88 on each test that year, we can change the hypothesis into a law. If the students in fact scores an 88 on each test that year, we can change the hypothesis into a law. A theory is a unifying principle that explains a body of facts A theory is a unifying principle that explains a body of facts A theory is not just a guess in science. They are based reproducible evidence. They can change if new facts are found. A theory is not just a guess in science. They are based reproducible evidence. They can change if new facts are found.

STATES OF MATTER Kinetic-molecular theory of matter explains the properties of each state of matter. Kinetic-molecular theory of matter explains the properties of each state of matter. All matter is made of tiny particles that are constantly moving. All matter is made of tiny particles that are constantly moving. In solids, the particles are packed close together in a pattern and vibrate back and forth. In solids, the particles are packed close together in a pattern and vibrate back and forth. In liquids, the particles are arranged randomly, and the particles move around. In liquids, the particles are arranged randomly, and the particles move around. In gases, the particles are far apart, move rapidly, and collide with each other. In gases, the particles are far apart, move rapidly, and collide with each other. The kinetic energy of the particles is proportionate to the temperature. The kinetic energy of the particles is proportionate to the temperature. Why is water special in terms of phase changes? Why is water special in terms of phase changes?

MACROSCOPIC AND PARTICULATE LEVELS Chemistry can be viewed in different ways. Chemistry can be viewed in different ways. The macroscopic world is what we can observe with our five senses. The macroscopic world is what we can observe with our five senses. Observing color Observing color Testing conductivity Testing conductivity The particulate world is too small to see. The particulate world is too small to see. We can’t see it, but what know what particles exist. We can’t see it, but what know what particles exist. We use models to represent the particles. We use models to represent the particles.

CLASSIFYING MATTER

TYPES OF MATTER Heterogeneous mixture: made of two or more substances that you can see Heterogeneous mixture: made of two or more substances that you can see Examples: Examples: Homogeneous mixture: made of two or more substances, but looks like one Homogeneous mixture: made of two or more substances, but looks like one Examples: Examples: Element: pure substance made of only one type of atom Element: pure substance made of only one type of atom Examples: Examples: Compound: pure substance made of two or more types of atoms Compound: pure substance made of two or more types of atoms Examples: Examples:

ATOMS AND MOLECULES Atoms are the smallest particles that retains the properties of an element Atoms are the smallest particles that retains the properties of an element Every element has unique atoms Every element has unique atoms Molecules are the smallest unit of a compound Molecules are the smallest unit of a compound Some compounds are made of ions instead. Some compounds are made of ions instead. Ion examples: Ion examples: Molecule examples: Molecule examples:

PHYSICAL CHANGES A physical change doesn’t change the composition of a material so it doesn’t create a new substance A physical change doesn’t change the composition of a material so it doesn’t create a new substance Examples: Examples:

CHEMICAL CHANGES A chemical change changes the composition of a material and creates a new substance. A chemical change changes the composition of a material and creates a new substance. Also called a chemical reaction and can be represented by a chemical equation. Also called a chemical reaction and can be represented by a chemical equation. Examples: Examples:

PROPERTIES Assessing physical and chemical properties is the same as for changes. Assessing physical and chemical properties is the same as for changes. A property that can be observed without changing the composition is physical. A property that can be observed without changing the composition is physical. Examples: Examples: A property that can only be observed by changing the composition is chemical. A property that can only be observed by changing the composition is chemical. Examples: Examples:

DENSITY How is density calculated? How is density calculated? What happens when two substances of differing densities are mixed? What happens when two substances of differing densities are mixed?

EXTENSIVE AND INTENSIVE Extensive properties depend on the amount present. Extensive properties depend on the amount present. For example, mass and volume are extensive. For example, mass and volume are extensive. Intensive properties do not depend on the amount present. Intensive properties do not depend on the amount present. For example, density and boiling point are intensice. For example, density and boiling point are intensice.

ASSIGNMENT: PAGE , 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 25, 26, 28, 29, 31, 35, 37 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 25, 26, 28, 29, 31, 35, 37