Developed / Developing Nations

Characteristics of Developed Nations Economy – How people earn a living: Industrialized: Uses technology and modern factories Produces large amounts of goods and services Skilled labor – high income  High GDP (Gross Domestic Product)  Urban

Hong Kong is a densely populated urban center of business in East Asia

Standard of Living Most people in developed nations have access to quality food, shelter and clothing.  Developed Nations have adequate to superior standards of living

Healthcare and Education High Life Expectancy People generally have access to quality healthcare High Literacy Rates Compulsory education – many choices for higher education

Population Growth  Low Population Growth  Less Incentive to have large families  Mentality – only have what you can afford  Low infant mortality

Characteristics of Developing Nations  Economy is largely agricultural – subsistence farming  Uses a lot of human or animal labor  Sell handmade items - “cottage industries”  Lack modern machines and factories

Cottage Industry in India

Characteristics cont… Although Developing nations are mostly rural, rapid urbanization has led to problems in some developing nations. Overcrowded conditions put a strain on city infrastructures and services and are often associated with pollution, high unemployment and crime as well as the potential for the quick spread of disease.

Standard of Living  Poor distribution of wealth – wealth is in the hands of a few “haves”  Shortage of adequate housing, food and clothing for the majority  Often problems with getting basic needs like sanitary water

The “Haves” of Rio de Janeiro

The “Have-nots” of Rio

Differing views of Indonesia

Healthcare and Education Poor Healthcare Little Education Low Literacy Rates Some do not have access to education – cannot afford it, or must stay home to help the family  Low Life Expectancy  Poor distribution of health services

Population Growth  Birthrates are high.  More incentive to have large families.  Lack of birth control – against culture, religion, or little education about or access to it.  Many children may be a sign of wealth.

Girls working in Cambodia

First World Nations  United States and Canada  Western Europe  Japan  Australia

Second World Countries Have some characteristics of developed nations, but may lag in some areas of development. Still have many characteristics of developing nations  Eastern Europe and Russia  China and India  Mexico and Brazil

Third World Countries  Poorest and least developed nations  Africa  Much of Latin America  Much of South and Southeast Asia

HDI – Human Development Index 3 Factors – decent standard of living, a long, healthy life, access to knowledge. 1.0, or 100% is the highest possible.

GNI – Gross National Income – the value of goods and services produced in a country in a year including money that leaves and enters the country. PPP – Power Purchasing Parity – an adjustment to the GNI based on differences in the cost of goods in countries GDP – Gross Domestic Product – similar to GNI, but does not account for money entering and leaving the country.

Motor Vehicles per 1,000 persons People in developed countries use part of their wealth to purchase goods and services that people in developing countries may not be able to afford.

Literacy rates – Percentage of population who can read and write. This map also shows if there is a literacy gender gap.

This graph shows related demographic data based on geographic region: total population, life expectancy and fertility rates

Inequality-adjusted HDI (IHDI) – If IHDI is lower than HDI there is inequality in a country. The greater the difference between the two, the greater the inequality. On this map, dark green is highest IHDI, dark red is lowest with yellow being higher than orange in the mid-range. The light green of the U.S. is an IHDI of (1.0 is highest like HDI)

Immanuel Wallerstein – Core / Periphery Developed “core” countries benefit at the expense of the LDC countries in the “periphery” who have less access to the world centers of consumption, communications, wealth and power which are clustered at the core.

Gender Inequality Index (GII) – combines multiple measures: reproductive health, empowerment, education, and employment. This scale reads opposite HDI. For GII, 0.0 is the best and 1.0 is the worst equality.

The Adolescent Fertility Rate is the number of births per 1,000 women ages 15-19

This map shows the percentage of legislative seats held by women in different countries.

Female labor force participation rate – the percentage of women holding full-time jobs outside the home. Worldwide, 51% of women work outside the home compared to 77% of men.

On your blank world map, draw a line from one side of the page to the other that separates (as well as possible) the wealthier MDC’s from the poorer LDC’s of the world.