After the Roman Empire was divided in 395 AD,the Eastern half became known as the which would last for 1000 years!

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Presentation transcript:

After the Roman Empire was divided in 395 AD,the Eastern half became known as the which would last for 1000 years!

I. Constantinople: A Strategic City A.Roman Emperor Constantine built Constantinople (Byzantine capital) at a strategic place where Europe and Asia meet B.Natural protection from attack (Rome was being attacked by Germanic invaders) 1.Water on 3 sides (also good for trade) 2.Thick walls on side with land

II. Strength of the Empire A.Emperors had absolute power 1.Rome had Senate (which meant conflicts over power) B.Continuation of the Roman Empire 1.Preserved Greek heritage 2.Rome “jocked” Greece. Constantinople “jocked” Rome. 3.Christianity, Roman customs, & Greek classical culture all survived, blended, & flourished in the Empire

III. THE GREAT SCHISM = the religious separation between the East (Byzantine Empire) and the West (Roman Empire)

Byzantine EmpireWestern Europe Emperor = head of the church (didn’t recognize the pope) Pope = supreme religious authority above any political ruler Masses conducted in Greek, the language of the eastern people Masses conducted in Latin Clergy could marryAll clergy were celibate Emperor banned use of icons (religious images) Pope believed icons were to be respected Became Eastern Orthodox Church in 1054 (orthodox is Greek for “correct belief”) Became Roman Catholic Church in 1054 (catholic is Latin for “universal”)

IV. Justinian (Emperor in 527 at height of empire) A.Justinian’s Code 1.ordered 10 scholars to collect & organize the best roman laws 2.Preserved Roman legal heritage 3.Became the chief source of law in EasternEurope

B.Wanted to restore Roman Empire 1.Gained back Italy, N. Africa, & Spain that had fallen to Germanic invaders 2.Extended Byzantine rule in the West C.Achievements 1.Constructed new roads, bridges, fortresses, law libraries, public baths, monasteries, etc. 2.Constructed Hagia Sophia Church (“Holy Wisdom”) a.the largest & most beautiful church in the Empire = still stands today as a museum b.Intricate on outside, Plain on inside

D.Wife = Theodora 1.Court objected marriage because she was a dancer & actress (professions held in low esteem) 2.Was a remarkable & influential woman who equaled and sometimes surpassed her husband in political skills & wisdom

V. Decline of the Empire A.It was weakened over civil wars about who would inherit the throne B.Due to its weakness, it could not withstand invaders & was eventually conquered by the Islamic Ottoman Turks in 1453 a.Hagia Sophia became a mosque