Ch 13 S2 Skeletal System pg 444 Functions of your skeleton system all of your bones make up your skeletal system. The skeletal has 5 functions gives shape and support protect internal organs major muscles are attached and help them move. blood cells are formed in the red marrow major quantities of calcium and phosphourous are stored in the skeleton for later use.

There are 206 bones in the human body 26 small bones or vertebrae make up your back bone.

Joints pg 446 A rubbery layer of tissue found at the end of bones where they form joints is called cartilage. Cartilage is flexible and acts as a shock absorber. Reduces friction when two or more bones come together is called a joint. Ligaments connect bone to bone Tendons connect bone to muscle

Joints pg 446 Types of Joints There are two basic types of joints Immovable and Movable example of immovable is your skull

Joints Moveable joints include pivot, ex : turning your head, ball and socket, shoulder hinge, knee glidding, wrists

Bone Structure pg 448 Bone structure The human body has 4 basic bone layers Periosteum compact bone spongy bone Marrow Bone development Ossification is when the cartilage is replaced by hard deposits of calcium phosphate

Periosteum pg 448 The thin fibrous membrane that covers the entire surface of the bone is the periosteum. It is a layer of very thin white skin. This layer is full of blood vessels and nerves that supply the cells of the hard compact bone. It also contains cells involved in the growth and repair of bones.

compact bone pg 448 Compact Bone is very dense and rigid, and is filled with tiny holes has deposits of calcium phosphate. they make the bone hard

spongy bone pg 448 Spongy bone spongy bone is located toward the ends of the long bones. Helps absorb shock from impacts.

Marrow Pg 448 Marrow produces either white blood cells (which fight infection) , red blood cells (which carry oxygen), or platelets (that stop bleeding). An average of 2.6 million red blood cells are produced each second by the bone marrow to replace those worn out and destroyed by the liver.

Taking Care of your bones Pg 450 Diet and Exercise Osteoporosis is the condition in which the body’s bones become weak and break easily.

Question What are the five functions of the skeleton? Give shape and support Enable you to move Produce blood cells Store minerals Protect your organs

Question 2. The passing of physical characteristics from parent to offspring is called? Heredity 3. The outside boundary of the cell is called? Cell membrane Groups of tissues working together to perform a function is called? Organ

Question How many bones are in an adult human? 206 A trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce is called? Adaptation

Question Who is the father of genetics? Gregor Mendel Who took a flask with broth and proved that spontaneous generation did not occur. He came up with the theory of biogenious? Louis Pasteur

Question What is an organism that can make its own food called? Producer and…. Autotrophs A factor that can change in an experiment, there can be only one in an experiment? Variable

Question When a cell membrane lets some substance pass through and others can not is called? Selectively permeable The green pigment in plants that helps in photosynthesis is called? Chlorophyll

Question During the cell cycle, what comes after the metaphase? Anaphase What is the name for a possible explanation for a set of observations or answer to a scientific question is called a? Hypothesis

Question A preserved remains or traces of an organism that lived in the past? Fossil A genetic disorder in which the body produces abnormally thick mucus in the lungs and intestines? Cystic Fibrosis